Liang Yutong, Quan Xiaoxiao, Gu Ruolan, Meng Zhiyun, Gan Hui, Wu Zhuona, Sun Yunbo, Pan Huajie, Han Peng, Liu Shuchen, Dou Guifang
Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 11;10(16):e35988. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35988. eCollection 2024 Aug 30.
Following the coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is an ongoing need to seek drugs that target COVID-19. First off, novel drugs have a long development cycle, high investment cost, and are high risk. Second, novel drugs must be evaluated for activity, efficacy, safety, and metabolic performance, contributing to the development cycle, investment cost, and risk. We searched the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register (including PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, and medRxiv), Web of Science (Science Citation Index, Emerging Citation Index), and WHO COVID-19 Coronaviral Disease Global Literature to identify completed and ongoing studies as of February 20, 2024. We evaluated the pharmacological effects, and data of the 16 candidates in the paper. The difficulty of studying these candidates in clinical trials involving COVID-19 patients, dosage of repurposed drugs, etc. is discussed in detail. Ultimately, Metformin is more suitable for prophylactic administration or mildly ill patients; the combination of Oseltamivir, Tamoxifen, and Dexamethasone is suitable for moderately and severely ill patients; and more clinical trials are needed for Azvudine, Ribavirin, Colchicine, and Cepharanthine to demonstrate efficacy.
在由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）引发的2019冠状病毒病疫情爆发后，人们一直有寻找针对新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）的药物的需求。首先，新型药物研发周期长、投资成本高且风险大。其次，新型药物必须进行活性、疗效、安全性和代谢性能评估，这增加了研发周期、投资成本和风险。我们检索了Cochrane COVID-19研究注册库（包括PubMed、Embase、CENTRAL、ClinicalTrials.gov、世界卫生组织国际临床试验注册平台和medRxiv）、科学网（科学引文索引、新兴引文索引）以及世界卫生组织COVID-19冠状病毒病全球文献，以确定截至2024年2月20日已完成和正在进行的研究。我们评估了论文中16种候选药物的药理作用及数据。详细讨论了在涉及COVID-19患者的临床试验中研究这些候选药物的难度、老药新用的剂量等问题。最终，二甲双胍更适合用于预防性给药或轻症患者；奥司他韦、他莫昔芬和地塞米松联合使用适合中重症患者；而阿兹夫定、利巴韦林、秋水仙碱和千金藤素需要更多临床试验来证明其疗效。
