Zhou Lang, Huang Yaohui, Wang Yuzhe, Wen Bo, Jiang Zhuoliang, Li Fujun
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.
Nanoscale. 2024 Sep 26;16(37):17324-17337. doi: 10.1039/d4nr02633k.
Rechargeable Li-CO batteries have attracted extensive attention owing to their high theoretical energy density (1876 W h Kg). However, their practical application is hindered by large polarization, low coulombic efficiency, and cathode degradation. The electrochemical performance of Li-CO batteries is significantly affected by the thermodynamic stability and reaction kinetics of discharge products. Although advances have been achieved in cathode design and electrolyte optimization over the past decade, the reaction mechanism of the CO cathode has not yet been clear. In this review, various reaction mechanisms of CO reduction and evolution at the cathode interface are discussed, including different reaction routes under mixed O/CO and pure CO environments. Furthermore, the regulating strategies of different discharge products, including LiCO, LiCO, and LiCO, are summarized to decrease the polarization and improve the cycling performance of Li-CO batteries. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are discussed from three aspects: reaction mechanisms, cathode catalysts, and electrolyte engineering, offering insights for the development of Li-CO batteries in the future.
可充电锂-二氧化碳电池因其高理论能量密度（1876 W h Kg）而受到广泛关注。然而，其实际应用受到大极化、低库仑效率和阴极降解的阻碍。锂-二氧化碳电池的电化学性能受到放电产物的热力学稳定性和反应动力学的显著影响。尽管在过去十年中阴极设计和电解质优化方面取得了进展，但二氧化碳阴极的反应机理尚未明确。在这篇综述中，讨论了阴极界面处二氧化碳还原和析出的各种反应机理，包括在混合氧气/二氧化碳和纯二氧化碳环境下的不同反应途径。此外，总结了不同放电产物（包括碳酸锂、草酸锂和乙酸锂）的调控策略，以降低极化并改善锂-二氧化碳电池的循环性能。最后，从反应机理、阴极催化剂和电解质工程三个方面讨论了挑战和前景，为未来锂-二氧化碳电池的发展提供了见解。
