State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis Research, Department of Tuberculosis Internal Medicine, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Institute of Tuberculosis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, P.R. China.
School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2024 Sep 9;23(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12941-024-00742-y.
Respiratory microbiota is closely related to tuberculosis (TB) initiation and progression. However, the dynamic changes of respiratory microbiota during treatment and its association with TB progression remains unclear.
A total of 16 healthy individuals and 16 TB patients (10 drug-sensitive TB (DS-TB) and 6 drug-resistant TB (DR-TB)) were recruited. Sputum samples were collected at baseline for all anticipants and after anti-TB treatment at Month-6 for TB patients. High throughput 16 S RNA sequencing was used to characterize the respiratory microbiota composition.
Compared to the healthy individuals, TB patients exhibited lower respiratory microbiota diversity (p < 0.05). This disruption was alleviated after anti-TB treatment, especially for DS-TB patients. Parvimonas spp. numbers significantly increased after six months of anti-TB treatment in both DS-TB and DR-TB patients (p < 0.05). Rothia spp. increase during treatment was associated with longer sputum-culture conversion time and worse pulmonary lesion absorption (p < 0.05). Besides, Moraxella spp. prevalence was associated with longer sputum-culture conversion time, while Gemella spp. increase was associated with worsening resolving of pulmonary lesions (p < 0.05).
Dynamic changes of respiratory microbiota during anti-TB treatment is closely related to TB progression. The involvement of critical microorganisms, such as Parvimonas spp., Rothia spp., Moraxella, and Gemella spp., appears to be associated with pulmonary inflammatory conditions, particularly among DR-TB. These microorganisms could potentially serve as biomarkers or even as targets for therapeutic intervention to enhance the prognosis of tuberculosis patients.
呼吸道微生物群与结核病（TB）的发生和进展密切相关。然而，治疗过程中呼吸道微生物群的动态变化及其与 TB 进展的关系尚不清楚。
共招募了 16 名健康个体和 16 名 TB 患者（10 名药物敏感 TB（DS-TB）和 6 名耐药 TB（DR-TB））。所有参与者在基线时采集痰液样本，TB 患者在抗 TB 治疗后第 6 个月采集。采用高通量 16S RNA 测序技术对呼吸道微生物群落组成进行分析。
与健康个体相比，TB 患者的呼吸道微生物多样性较低（p<0.05）。这种破坏在抗 TB 治疗后得到缓解，尤其是在 DS-TB 患者中。在 DS-TB 和 DR-TB 患者中，经过六个月的抗 TB 治疗后，Parvimonas spp. 的数量显著增加（p<0.05）。Rothia spp. 在治疗过程中的增加与痰培养转换时间延长和肺部病变吸收不良有关（p<0.05）。此外，Moraxella spp. 的流行与痰培养转换时间延长有关，而 Gemella spp. 的增加与肺部病变的改善有关（p<0.05）。
抗 TB 治疗过程中呼吸道微生物群的动态变化与 TB 进展密切相关。一些关键微生物的参与，如 Parvimonas spp.、Rothia spp.、Moraxella 和 Gemella spp.，似乎与肺部炎症状态有关，特别是在 DR-TB 中。这些微生物可能作为生物标志物，甚至作为治疗干预的靶点，以提高结核病患者的预后。
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