Centre for Conflict Studies, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Disasters. 2025 Jan;49(1):e12656. doi: 10.1111/disa.12656. Epub 2024 Sep 9.
Thirteen years into conflict, Syria remains one of the world's major humanitarian crises. Food insecurity has reached unprecedented levels in the country, with millions of civilians facing starvation and hunger. The key drivers of this are conflict-related, nature-induced, and, importantly, man-made policies. Semi-comprehensive sanctions against the country and donor conditionality vis-à-vis humanitarian operators' work are prime examples of the latter. These policies are inextricably linked with food insecurity in Syria and have direct and indirect impacts on it. Understanding the ongoing crisis as a complex emergency, this paper examines the interplay between sanctions, donor conditionality, and food insecurity, an understudied subject in the Syrian context. It explores how sanctions and donor conditionality influence three key dimensions of food security, namely, availability, affordability and economic access, and utilisation, and subsequently worsen the conditions confronting the Syrian population. The paper contributes to discussions on food security in conflict settings and how sanctions negatively affect civilians in targeted countries.
冲突爆发 13 年后，叙利亚依然是全球主要的人道主义危机之一。该国粮食安全状况已达到前所未有的水平，数百万人面临饥饿。造成这一状况的主要原因是与冲突相关的、自然引发的以及重要的人为政策。针对该国的半综合性制裁和捐助方对人道主义工作者工作的条件限制就是后一种政策的典型例子。这些政策与叙利亚的粮食不安全问题紧密相关，对其产生直接和间接的影响。本文将这场持续的危机视为一场复杂的紧急情况，研究了制裁、捐助方条件限制和粮食不安全之间的相互作用，这在叙利亚背景下是一个研究不足的课题。本文探讨了制裁和捐助方条件限制如何影响粮食安全的三个关键方面，即粮食供应、可负担性和经济获取以及利用，进而使叙利亚人民面临的状况恶化。本文为有关冲突环境下的粮食安全以及制裁如何对目标国家的平民造成负面影响的讨论做出了贡献。
