Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Vigilância e Controle de Vetores, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Núcleo de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2024 Sep 6;66:e53. doi: 10.1590/S1678-9946202466053. eCollection 2024.
The relationship between the environment and animal life began to be seen as an important tool to help control zoonoses. Climate variations lead to changes in the environment, which can influence the spatial distribution of species and, consequently, the spread of diseases to humans. Considered the main non-human definitive host species of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil, the wild rodent Nectomys squamipes plays an important role as a reservoir in maintaining the schistosomiasis cycle in the absence of humans. This study demonstrates the results of ecological niche modeling of intermediate and definitive wild hosts of S. mansoni in the Regional Health Superintendence of Barbacena (Minas Gerais State), which has registered 31 municipalities, 80% of which are classified as endemic for parasitosis. Environmental variables associated with the distribution of each species were used based on information from the scientific collections of Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Species Link to project the ecological niche model in the geographic space. Abiotic variables such as the mean annual temperature, isothermality, and precipitation seasonality were obtained from World Clim. Ecological niche modeling of the wild host, N. squamipes, revealed the occurrence of the species in geographic overlap with the Biomphalaria species. Knowing the influence of bioclimatic variables and identifying favorable conditions for the establishment, occurrence, and distribution of species are important information for developing strategic actions for the surveillance and control of this endemic species. The presence of the definitive wild host needs to be considered by control programs of schistosomiasis.
环境与动物生活的关系开始被视为帮助控制人畜共患病的重要工具。气候变化导致环境变化，从而影响物种的空间分布，进而影响疾病向人类的传播。野生啮齿动物 Nectomys squamipes 被认为是巴西曼氏血吸虫的主要非人类终末宿主物种，在没有人类的情况下，它作为一个储存库，在维持血吸虫病循环方面发挥着重要作用。本研究展示了巴伊亚州巴巴塞纳地区卫生区（米纳斯吉拉斯州）曼氏血吸虫中间宿主和终末宿主生态位模型的结果，该地区有 31 个市镇，其中 80%被归类为寄生虫病流行地区。根据全球生物多样性信息设施（GBIF）和物种链接的科学收藏信息，使用与每种物种分布相关的环境变量来预测地理空间中的生态位模型。非生物变量，如年平均温度、等温性和降水季节性，从世界气候获得。野生宿主 N. squamipes 的生态位模型表明，该物种的发生与 Biomphalaria 物种存在地理重叠。了解生物气候变量的影响并确定物种建立、发生和分布的有利条件，是制定监测和控制这种地方病物种战略行动的重要信息。有必要考虑终末野生宿主的存在，以控制血吸虫病。
