Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, NO-7491, Norway.
PoreLab, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, NO-7491, Norway; Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 24, Warsaw, 00-665, Poland.
J Theor Biol. 2024 Dec 7;595:111933. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111933. Epub 2024 Sep 10.
We report the effects of varying physiological and other properties on the heat and water exchange in the maxilloturbinate structure (MT) of the bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus or Eb) in realistic environments, using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. We find that the water retention in percent is very high (about 90 %) and relatively unaffected by either cold (-30 °C) or warm (10 °C) conditions. The retention of heat is also high, around 80 % . Based on a consideration of entropy production by the maxilloturbinate system, we show that anatomical and physiological properties of the seal provide good conditions for heat and water exchange at the mucus lining in the seal's nasal cavity. At normal values of tidal volume and maxilloturbinate (MT) length, the air temperature in the MT reaches the body temperature before the air has left the MT channels. This confers a safety factor which is expected to be helpful in exercise, when ventilation increases.
我们报告了生理和其他特性变化对髯海豹（Erignathus barbatus 或 Eb）鼻甲结构（MT）中热和水交换的影响，使用了计算流体动力学（CFD）模型。我们发现，水的保留率非常高（约 90%），并且不受寒冷（-30°C）或温暖（10°C）条件的影响。热量的保留率也很高，约为 80%。基于对鼻甲系统熵产生的考虑，我们表明海豹的解剖和生理特性为海豹鼻腔内黏液衬里的热和水交换提供了良好的条件。在潮气量和鼻甲（MT）长度的正常值下，MT 中的空气温度在空气离开 MT 通道之前达到体温。这赋予了一个安全系数，预计在增加通风的运动时会有所帮助。
