Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, 1710, South Africa.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 11;14(1):21218. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72389-w.
Village chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) are commonly reared in rural households of South Africa and other developing countries. They play a vital role as a primary source of protein through the provision of meat and eggs. The chicken gut microbiota plays an important role in chicken's immune system, its health, physiological development of the gut, digestion of food, nutrient absorption and productivity. Thus, it is imperative to critically investigate the chicken microbial composition in order to develop effective disease control measures and increase production. In this present study, microbial DNA was isolated from 34 non-descript mixed gender matured village chickens' intestinal contents followed by high throughput Illumina sequencing targeting 16S rRNA gene. Senwamokgope village had the largest microbiota composition as compared to Itieleni and Thakgalang villages. Overall, Firmicutes (74%) was the most abundant phylum observed, followed by Proteobacteria (8%), Actinobateria (5%), and Bacteroidota (3%). At the genus level, Lactobacillus was the dominant bacteria. Other genera found included Sphingomonas (7%), Cutibacterium (4%), and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 (2%). The richness of female intestinal microbiota was higher compared to the male microbiota. The findings of this study provide baseline information that can assist to better understand the chicken gut microbiota and its interaction with diseases and parasites.
南非和其他发展中国家的农村家庭通常会饲养本土鸡（Gallus gallus domesticus）。它们通过提供肉和蛋，是一种主要的蛋白质来源，起着至关重要的作用。鸡肠道微生物群在鸡的免疫系统、健康、肠道生理发育、食物消化、营养吸收和生产力方面发挥着重要作用。因此，必须批判性地研究鸡的微生物组成，以便制定有效的疾病控制措施并提高产量。在本研究中，从 34 只非特定性别成熟的本土鸡的肠道内容物中分离微生物 DNA，然后使用高通量 Illumina 测序技术靶向 16S rRNA 基因进行测序。与 Itieleni 和 Thakgalang 村庄相比，Senwamokgope 村庄的微生物群落组成最多。总体而言，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）（74%）是观察到的最丰富的门，其次是变形菌门（Proteobacteria）（8%）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）（5%）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）（3%）。在属水平上，乳酸菌是主要的细菌。还发现了其他属，包括鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）（7%）、表皮葡萄球菌属（Cutibacterium）（4%）和严格梭菌属（Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1）（2%）。雌性肠道微生物群的丰富度高于雄性肠道微生物群。本研究的结果提供了基线信息，可以帮助更好地了解鸡肠道微生物群及其与疾病和寄生虫的相互作用。
