Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Sep 11;24(1):612. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-06059-6.
In China, parents who have lost their only child are referred to as Shidu parents (SDPs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and investigate the influence of depressive and anxiety symptoms on the development of PTSD.
Four hundred and thirty-six SDPs completed assessments of PTSD (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders, SCID-IV; The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale-IV, CAPS-IV), depression (Hamilton depression scale), and anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Scale) via in-person interviews. Logistic regression and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the association of demographic characteristics, depression, and anxiety symptoms with PTSD.
The prevalence of PTSD in SDPs was 14.45%. The comorbidity of depression and anxiety symptoms was 87.30% in the SDPs with PTSD. The logistic regression model, which included factors of gender, age, education, depression, and anxiety, which contributed to the development of PTSD, was significant [χ² (11) = 122.47, p < 0.001]. The hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis indicated that female gender and the severity of comorbidities (depression and anxiety) were positively associated with the severity of PTSD.
This study found that the severity of depression and anxiety was closely related to the severity of PTSD, supporting that SDPs are highly prone to the co-occurrence of PTSD, depression, and anxiety after bereavement. Our findings may provide more insights into the development of individualized interventions for parents who have experienced the loss of their only child.
在中国，失去独生子女的父母被称为失独父母（SDP）。本研究旨在调查创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率和危险因素，并探讨抑郁和焦虑症状对 PTSD 发展的影响。
通过面对面访谈，436 名 SDP 完成了 PTSD（DSM-IV 障碍定式临床访谈，SCID-IV；创伤后应激障碍临床评定量表-IV，CAPS-IV）、抑郁（汉密尔顿抑郁量表）和焦虑（汉密尔顿焦虑量表）的评估。采用逻辑回归和分层多元线性回归分析探讨人口统计学特征、抑郁和焦虑症状与 PTSD 的关联。
SDP 中 PTSD 的患病率为 14.45%。在 PTSD 的 SDP 中，抑郁和焦虑症状的共病率为 87.30%。包括性别、年龄、教育、抑郁和焦虑等因素在内的逻辑回归模型对 PTSD 的发生有显著影响[χ²（11）=122.47，p<0.001]。分层多元线性回归分析表明，女性性别和共病严重程度（抑郁和焦虑）与 PTSD 的严重程度呈正相关。
本研究发现，抑郁和焦虑的严重程度与 PTSD 的严重程度密切相关，支持 SDP 在丧亲后极易同时发生 PTSD、抑郁和焦虑。我们的研究结果可能为针对经历独生子女丧失的父母的个体化干预措施的制定提供更多的见解。
