Wulff Mette W, Mackey Abigail L, Kjær Michael, Bayer Monika L
Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen Department of Orthopedic Surgery M Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Center for Healthy Aging Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Transl Sports Med. 2024 Sep 4;2024:2336376. doi: 10.1155/2024/2336376. eCollection 2024.
A major challenge in sports medicine is to facilitate the fastest possible recovery from injury without increasing the risk of subsequent reruptures, and thus effective rehabilitation programs should balance between these two factors. The present review focuses on examining the role of different resistance training interventions in rehabilitation of acute muscle strain in the time frame from injury until return to sport (RTS), the rate of reinjuries, and tissue changes after injury. Randomized, controlled trials dealing with a component of resistance training in their rehabilitation protocols, as well as observational studies on tissue morphology and tissue changes as a result to muscle strain injuries, were included. The mean time for RTS varied from 15 to 86 days between studies ( = 8), and the mean rate of reinjury spanned from 0 to 70%. Eccentric resistance training at long muscle length and rapid introduction to rehabilitation postinjury led to significant improvement regarding RTS, and core-stabilizing exercises as well as implementing an individualized algorithm for rehabilitation seem to reduce the risk of reinjury in studies with a high rerupture rate. Independent of the rehabilitation program, structural changes appear to persist for a long time, if not permanently, after a strain injury.
运动医学中的一个主要挑战是在不增加后续再断裂风险的情况下，促进伤病尽可能快速的恢复，因此有效的康复计划应在这两个因素之间取得平衡。本综述重点探讨不同抗阻训练干预措施在急性肌肉拉伤康复过程中的作用，时间范围从受伤到恢复运动（RTS）、再受伤率以及受伤后的组织变化。纳入了在康复方案中涉及抗阻训练组成部分的随机对照试验，以及关于肌肉拉伤损伤后组织形态学和组织变化的观察性研究。研究之间RTS的平均时间从15天到86天不等（n = 8），再受伤的平均发生率在0%到70%之间。在长肌肉长度下进行离心抗阻训练以及伤后迅速开展康复训练，在RTS方面带来了显著改善，并且在再断裂率较高的研究中，核心稳定训练以及实施个性化的康复算法似乎能降低再受伤风险。无论康复方案如何，拉伤损伤后结构变化似乎会长期存在，即便不是永久性的。
