School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Am J Hum Biol. 2024 Nov;36(11):e24153. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.24153. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
The regional population mortality patterns in China exhibit substantial geographical distribution characteristics. This paper aims to explore the impact and mechanisms of geographical environmental factors on regional population mortality patterns.
This study first utilized the data from China's Seventh Population Census to obtain mortality patterns for the 31 provincial-level administrative regions. Subsequently, a functional regression method was employed to explore the geographical environmental driving factors of regional mortality patterns.
The study provides a detailed explanation of the mechanisms and marginal contributions of key geographical environmental factors at different age groups.
(1) The impact of geographical environmental factors on mortality patterns shows distinct phased characteristics. Mortality patterns before the age of 40 years are hardly influenced by geographical environmental factors, with a noticeable impact beginning at ages 40-69 years and reaching the maximum influence after the age of 70 years. (2) In mortality patterns at ages 40-69 years, average altitude have the most substantial impact, followed by extreme low-temperature days and PM2.5 concentration. In mortality patterns at ages 70-94 years, high-temperature days have the greatest influence, followed by the impact of SO concentration. (3) In comparisons based on gender, socioeconomic factors, and geographical environmental factors, gender and urban-rural differences have the most significant impact on regional population mortality patterns, followed by the influence of other socioeconomic factors, with geographical environmental factors having a relatively smaller impact.
中国区域人口死亡率模式具有显著的地理分布特征。本研究旨在探讨地理环境因素对区域人口死亡率模式的影响及其机制。
本研究首先利用中国第七次人口普查数据，获取了 31 个省级行政区的死亡率模式。随后，采用功能回归方法探讨了区域死亡率模式的地理环境驱动因素。
本研究详细解释了关键地理环境因素在不同年龄组的作用机制和边际贡献。
（1）地理环境因素对死亡率模式的影响呈现出明显的阶段性特征。40 岁以下的死亡率模式几乎不受地理环境因素的影响，40-69 岁年龄组的影响开始显现，70 岁以上年龄组的影响最大。（2）在 40-69 岁年龄组的死亡率模式中，平均海拔的影响最大，其次是极端低温天数和 PM2.5 浓度。在 70-94 岁年龄组的死亡率模式中，高温天数的影响最大，其次是 SO2 浓度的影响。（3）基于性别、社会经济因素和地理环境因素的比较，性别和城乡差异对区域人口死亡率模式的影响最大，其次是其他社会经济因素的影响，地理环境因素的影响相对较小。
