Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 5, Centre for Translational Medicine, Block MD6, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599.
School of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, Australia; School of Nursing and Allied Medical Sciences, Holy Angel University, Philippines.
Nurse Educ Today. 2024 Dec;143:106380. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106380. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
In the age of automation and technology, incorporating empathy in pre-licensure healthcare education is essential in providing empathic care to patients and co-workers. This can be achieved through interprofessional education (IPE).
To consolidate evidence to evaluate interprofessional education's impact on pre-licensure healthcare students' empathy levels.
A mixed-studies systematic review following a convergent segregated approach.
Ten electronic databases were searched from their inception until 30 November 2023. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies that explored the impact of IPE on the change in empathy level in pre-licensure healthcare students were reviewed. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed-Method Appraisal Tool. Findings from the qualitative and quantitative aspects were analysed and synthesized separately using thematic and narrative synthesis. The findings were integrated by convergent synthesis.
A total of 36 studies involving 3887 participants were included in this review, consisting of five quantitative, 14 qualitative and 17 mixed-methods studies. This review found that IPE enhanced the empathy level of students by improving their understanding of empathy and various empathic responses. Through IPE activities, students demonstrated empathy towards both patients and interprofessional peers. Three themes were generated through the synthesis of qualitative and quantitative results: (1) Empathy Awareness, (2) Internal Empathic Processes, and (3) Intentional Actions. The results showed that healthcare students exhibited empathic care behaviours towards patients and their interprofessional peers.
The findings of this review suggested that IPE was effective in improving awareness and knowledge of empathy and in providing empathy care to patients and interprofessional peers. This review encourages educators to implement IPE to pre-licensure healthcare students to increase their knowledge of the importance of providing empathic patient care and interprofessional empathy. Future research could explore more on the processes of interprofessional empathy in students.
在自动化和技术时代，将同理心纳入医疗保健教育的许可前阶段对于向患者和同事提供同理心关怀至关重要。这可以通过跨专业教育（IPE）来实现。
综合证据评估IPE 对许可前医疗保健学生同理心水平的影响。
采用集中分离方法的混合研究系统评价。
从成立之初到 2023 年 11 月 30 日，对 10 个电子数据库进行了搜索。审查了探索 IPE 对许可前医疗保健学生同理心水平变化影响的定量、定性和混合方法研究。使用混合方法评估工具评估纳入研究的方法学质量。使用主题和叙述综合分析和综合定性和定量方面的发现。通过收敛综合整合发现。
本综述共纳入 36 项研究，涉及 3887 名参与者，包括 5 项定量研究、14 项定性研究和 17 项混合方法研究。本综述发现，IPE 通过提高学生对同理心和各种同理心反应的理解，增强了学生的同理心水平。通过 IPE 活动，学生对患者和跨专业同伴表现出同理心。通过定性和定量结果的综合，生成了三个主题：（1）同理心意识，（2）内部同理心过程，和（3）有意行动。结果表明，医疗保健学生对患者和跨专业同伴表现出同理心关怀行为。
本综述的结果表明，IPE 有效提高了学生对同理心的认识和知识，并为患者和跨专业同伴提供了同理心关怀。本综述鼓励教育工作者向许可前医疗保健学生实施 IPE，以提高他们对提供同理心患者关怀和跨专业同理心重要性的认识。未来的研究可以进一步探索学生的跨专业同理心过程。
