Martin S, Neale G, Elia M
Hum Nutr Clin Nutr. 1985 Mar;39(2):137-47.
Maximal voluntary grip strength has been measured in normal adults aged 18-70 years (17 f, 18 m) and compared with other indices of body muscle mass. Grip strength (dominant side) was directly proportional to creatinine excretion (r = 0.81); to forearm muscle area (r = 0.73); to upper arm muscle area (r = 0.71) and to lean body mass (r = 0.65). Grip strength relative to forearm muscle area decreased with age. The study of a subgroup of normal subjects revealed a small but significant postural and circadian effect on grip strength. The effect on maximal voluntary grip strength of sedatives in elderly subjects undergoing routine endoscopy (n = 6), and of acute infections in otherwise healthy individuals (n = 6), severe illness in patients requiring intensive care (n = 6), chronic renal failure (n = 7) and anorexia nervosa (n = 6) has been assessed. Intravenous diazepam and buscopan produced a 50 per cent reduction in grip strength which returned to normal within the next 2-3 h. Acute infections reduced grip strength by a mean of 35 per cent and severe illness in patients in intensive care by 60 per cent. In patients with chronic renal failure grip strength was 80-85 per cent of that predicted from forearm 'muscle area' (P less than 0.05). In anorectic patients the values were appropriate for their forearm muscle area. Nevertheless nutritional rehabilitation of one anorectic patient did not lead to a consistent improvement in grip strength.
已对18至70岁的正常成年人（17名女性，18名男性）测量了最大自主握力，并与身体肌肉质量的其他指标进行了比较。握力（优势侧）与肌酐排泄量直接相关（r = 0.81）；与前臂肌肉面积相关（r = 0.73）；与上臂肌肉面积相关（r = 0.71），与瘦体重相关（r = 0.65）。相对于前臂肌肉面积的握力随年龄下降。对一组正常受试者的研究显示，姿势和昼夜节律对握力有微小但显著的影响。已评估了常规内镜检查的老年受试者（n = 6）中镇静剂、健康个体的急性感染（n = 6）、重症监护患者的严重疾病（n = 6）、慢性肾衰竭（n = 7）和神经性厌食症（n = 6）对最大自主握力的影响。静脉注射地西泮和丁溴东莨菪碱使握力降低了50%，并在接下来的2至3小时内恢复正常。急性感染使握力平均降低35%，重症监护患者的严重疾病使握力降低60%。慢性肾衰竭患者的握力为根据前臂“肌肉面积”预测值的80 - 85%（P < 0.05）。在厌食症患者中，其数值与前臂肌肉面积相符。然而，一名厌食症患者的营养康复并未导致握力持续改善。
