Tamirisa Ketan, Maringanti Hima B
Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA.
Cognitive Artificial Intelligence, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo (MSCB) University, Baripada, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 13;16(8):e66781. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66781. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, led to a worldwide pandemic. There were unprecedented changes in the mental health of children, adolescents, and youth in the age group of 8-18 years as a result of COVID-19. The objective of this review is to identify direct and indirect factors that influenced these changes. We identified three main groups of factors that could have impacted the mental health of young people during the pandemic: (i) familial factors, (ii) social and educational factors, and (iii) positive variables. Our review suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental health of children and adolescents through stressors like social isolation, parental unemployment and loss, and disrupted routines. As a result, sadness, hopelessness, depression, and generalized anxiety all increased significantly among adolescents during the pandemic, coupled with a simultaneous increase in substance use, suicide attempts, and violence. However, the pandemic also offered some positive variables such as reduced bullying, more family time, and improved relationships for those with adequate socioeconomic resources. The complex factors affecting the mental health of young people during the pandemic underscore the necessity for additional research to comprehend their individual effects. We advocate for collaborative youth-centered initiatives involving educational organizations, mental health experts, policymakers, healthcare systems, and other community stakeholders to effectively tackle these challenges.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起，导致了一场全球大流行。由于COVID-19，8至18岁儿童、青少年和青年的心理健康出现了前所未有的变化。本综述的目的是确定影响这些变化的直接和间接因素。我们确定了三类可能在大流行期间影响年轻人心理健康的因素：（i）家庭因素，（ii）社会和教育因素，以及（iii）积极变量。我们的综述表明，COVID-19大流行通过社会隔离、父母失业和失去以及日常生活被打乱等压力源对儿童和青少年的心理健康产生了负面影响。结果，在大流行期间，青少年中的悲伤、绝望、抑郁和广泛性焦虑都显著增加，同时物质使用、自杀企图和暴力行为也有所增加。然而，大流行也带来了一些积极变量，如欺凌行为减少、家庭时间增多以及对于那些拥有足够社会经济资源的人来说人际关系得到改善。大流行期间影响年轻人心理健康的复杂因素凸显了进行更多研究以了解其个体影响的必要性。我们倡导以青少年为中心的合作倡议，涉及教育组织、心理健康专家、政策制定者、医疗保健系统和其他社区利益相关者，以有效应对这些挑战。
