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热灭活通过调节仔猪肠道微生物群组成和粪便代谢产物促进生长。

Heat-Killed Promotes Growth by Modulating the Gut Microbiota Composition and Fecal Metabolites of Piglets.

作者信息

Miao Huabiao, Liang Jing, Lan Ganqiu, Wu Qian, Huang Zunxi

机构信息

School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.

Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Yunnan, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500, China.

出版信息

Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 30;14(17):2528. doi: 10.3390/ani14172528.

Abstract

Probiotics can improve animal growth performance and intestinal health. However, understanding the effects of paraprobiotics on the growth performance and gut microbiota of piglets and how the paraprobiotics exert their impact are still limited. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of heat-killed IFFI 6005 supplementation on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota, and fecal metabolites of piglets. First, a feed-additive sample of heat-killed IFFI 6005 was prepared by culture. Second, 96 (initial BW = 14.38 ± 0.67 kg, weaning age of 40 days) healthy piglets were selected and randomized into four treatment groups. Each treatment group consisted of three replicates ( = 8). Pigs were fed a basal diet (NC), basal diet plus antibiotics (PC), basal diet plus IFFI 6005 at 600 g/t (LA, 1.0 × 10 cfu/g), and basal diet plus heat-killed IFFI 6005 at 600 g/t (HKLA), respectively; the trial lasted for 30 days. The results showed that the ratios of feed to gain (F:G) and diarrhea rate of both the HKLA and PC groups were significantly lower compared with the NC and LA groups ( < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between the HKLA and PC group ( > 0.05). In addition, the average daily weight gain (ADG) of the HKLA group was significantly higher ( < 0.05) than that of the other three groups in terms of growth performance. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolome analysis based on fecal samples further elaborated that the addition of heat-killed IFFI 6005 to the feed improved the intestinal microbial diversity and abundance ( < 0.05) and reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria ( < 0.05), but it did not affect the abundance of ( > 0.05). Through the comparison of microbial abundance and metabolite content between the two groups (NC_vs_HKLA), the largest differences were found in six microorganisms and 10 metabolites in the intestine ( < 0.05). These differential metabolites were involved in the digestion, absorption and utilization of protein and starch, as well as in oxidative stress. In summary, addition of heat-killed IFFI 6005 as a new feed additive in piglets has beneficial effects on the growth performance, intestinal bacteria and metabolites, and can be used as an alternative to antibiotics.

摘要

益生菌可以改善动物生长性能和肠道健康。然而,关于副益生菌对仔猪生长性能和肠道微生物群的影响以及副益生菌如何发挥作用的了解仍然有限。本研究旨在探讨添加热灭活的IFFI 6005对仔猪生长性能、肠道微生物群和粪便代谢产物的影响。首先,通过培养制备热灭活的IFFI 6005饲料添加剂样品。其次,选择96头(初始体重=14.38±0.67千克,断奶日龄40天)健康仔猪,随机分为四个处理组。每个处理组包含三个重复(每组8头)。仔猪分别饲喂基础日粮(NC)、基础日粮加抗生素(PC)、基础日粮加600克/吨的IFFI 6005(LA,1.0×10 cfu/g)和基础日粮加600克/吨的热灭活IFFI 6005(HKLA);试验持续30天。结果表明,HKLA组和PC组的料重比(F:G)和腹泻率均显著低于NC组和LA组(P<0.05);然而,HKLA组和PC组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。此外,就生长性能而言,HKLA组的平均日增重(ADG)显著高于其他三组(P<0.05)。最后,基于粪便样本的16S rRNA测序和代谢组分析进一步表明,在饲料中添加热灭活的IFFI 6005可改善肠道微生物多样性和丰度(P<0.05),并降低病原菌丰度(P<0.05),但不影响有益菌的丰度(P>0.05)。通过比较两组(NC_vs_HKLA)的微生物丰度和代谢产物含量,发现肠道中六种微生物和十种代谢产物存在最大差异(P<0.05)。这些差异代谢产物参与蛋白质和淀粉的消化、吸收和利用,以及氧化应激。总之,在仔猪中添加热灭活的IFFI 6005作为一种新型饲料添加剂对生长性能、肠道细菌和代谢产物具有有益影响,可作为抗生素的替代品。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/480b/11394466/65d0fe063765/animals-14-02528-g001.jpg

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