Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland.
Laboratory of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 5;25(17):9638. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179638.
Neonatal iron deficiency anemia is prevalent among domestic pigs but does not occur in the offspring of wild boar. The main causes of this disorder in piglets of modern pig breeds are paucity of hepatic iron stores, high birth weight, and rapid growth. Replenishment of fetal iron stores is a direct result of iron transfer efficiency across the placenta. In this study, we attempted to investigate the molecular potential of iron transfer across the placenta as a possible cause of differences between wild boar and Polish Large White (PLW) offspring. Furthermore, by analyzing placentas from PLW gilts that had litters of different sizes, we aimed to elucidate the impact of the number of fetuses on placental ability to transport iron. Using RNA sequencing, we examined the expression of iron-related genes in the placentas from wild boar and PLW gilts. We did not reveal significant differences in the expression of major iron transporters among all analyzed placentas. However, in wild boar placentas, we found higher expression of copper-dependent ferroxidases such as ceruloplasmin, zyklopen, and hephaestin, which facilitate iron export to the fetal circulation. We also determined a close co-localization of ceruloplasmin and zyklopen with ferroportin, the only iron exporter.
新生仔猪缺铁性贫血在家猪中较为常见，但在野猪后代中不会发生。现代猪种仔猪发生这种疾病的主要原因是肝脏铁储存不足、出生体重高和生长迅速。胎儿铁储存的补充是铁通过胎盘转移效率的直接结果。在这项研究中，我们试图研究铁通过胎盘转移的分子潜力，这可能是野猪和波兰大白猪（PLW）后代之间存在差异的原因。此外，通过分析大小不同的 PLW 后备母猪的胎盘，我们旨在阐明胎儿数量对胎盘运输铁能力的影响。我们使用 RNA 测序检查了野猪和 PLW 后备母猪胎盘中铁相关基因的表达。我们没有发现所有分析的胎盘中主要铁转运体的表达存在显著差异。然而，在野猪的胎盘中，我们发现了铜依赖性亚铁氧化酶如铜蓝蛋白、锌指蛋白和赫菲斯特in 的表达更高，这有助于铁向胎儿循环的输出。我们还确定了铜蓝蛋白和锌指蛋白与铁输出蛋白 ferroportin 的紧密共定位。
