Deng Sicheng, Gu Qichang, Wu Yizhu, Yi Wentao, Lu Jian, Peng Ligong, Tang Xiangru
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Sep 6;13(17):2510. doi: 10.3390/plants13172510.
Ultrasonic treatment and optimal cultivation techniques are both conducive to the high yield of super rice in South China. Many previous studies have shown that the increase in intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) is an important reason for high rice yield. Field experiments were conducted over two years to evaluate the effects of IPAR and RUE on the yield under different treatments (CK: conventional cultivation technique without ultrasonic treatment; T1: conventional cultivation technique with ultrasonic treatment; T2: super rice-specific cultivation technique without ultrasonic treatment and T3: super rice-specific cultivation technique with ultrasonic treatment), with two representative rice varieties, Wufengyou-615 (WFY) and Jingnongsimiao (JNSM) during the late seasons of rice cultivation in South China. The super rice-specific cultivation technique and the ultrasonic treatment could significantly increase the yield, which was significantly ( < 0.01) and positively correlated with panicle number, grain-filling rate, and aboveground total dry weight. The higher grain yield depended more highly on higher RUE in the mid-tillering stage and maturity stage. The results of multiple-regression models also showed that the contributions of IPAR and RUE to yield were significant ( < 0.01). Conclusively, IPAR and RUE contributed a lot to yield progress of super rice in both super rice-specific cultivation techniques with fewer times of topdressing and ultrasonic treatment in South China. It is worth further studying how to reasonably improve the RUE of high-RUE varieties through other means.
超声处理和优化栽培技术均有利于中国南方超级稻的高产。此前许多研究表明，光合有效辐射截获量（IPAR）和辐射利用效率（RUE）的提高是水稻高产的重要原因。在中国南方晚季水稻种植期间，以两个代表性水稻品种五丰优-615（WFY）和粳糯4号（JNSM）进行了为期两年的田间试验，以评估不同处理（CK：不进行超声处理的常规栽培技术；T1：进行超声处理的常规栽培技术；T2：不进行超声处理的超级稻专用栽培技术；T3：进行超声处理的超级稻专用栽培技术）下IPAR和RUE对产量的影响。超级稻专用栽培技术和超声处理可显著提高产量，产量与穗数、灌浆率和地上部总干重显著正相关（<0.01）。较高的籽粒产量在分蘖中期和成熟期更依赖于较高的RUE。多元回归模型结果还表明，IPAR和RUE对产量的贡献显著（<0.01）。总之，在中国南方，无论是减少追肥次数的超级稻专用栽培技术还是超声处理，IPAR和RUE对超级稻产量提升都有很大贡献。如何通过其他手段合理提高高RUE品种的RUE值得进一步研究。
