Deng Jun, Ye Jiayu, Zhong Xuefen, Yang Qingqing, Harrison Matthew Tom, Wang Chunhu, Huang Liying, Tian Xiaohai, Liu Ke, Zhang Yunbo
MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Duodao District, Jingmen 448000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Aug 3;12(15):2858. doi: 10.3390/plants12152858.
The remarkable yield performance of super hybrid rice has played a crucial role in ensuring global food security. However, there is a scarcity of studies investigating the contribution of radiation use efficiency (RUE) to hybrid rice yields under different nitrogen and potassium treatments. In this three-year field experiment, we aimed to evaluate the impact of two hybrid rice varieties (Y-liangyou 900: YLY900 and Quanyouhuazhan: QYHZ) under varying nitrogen regimes (N: 90 kg N ha, N: 120 kg N ha, N: 180 kg N ha) and potassium regimes (K: 120 kg KO ha, K: 160 kg KO ha, K: 210 kg KO ha) on grain yield and its physiological determinants, including RUE, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR), aboveground biomass production, and harvest index (HI). Our results revealed that both rice varieties exhibited significantly higher yields when coupled with nitrogen and potassium fertilization. Compared to the N × K treatment, the N × K and N × K combinations resulted in substantial increases in grain yield (12.0% and 21.1%, respectively) and RUE (11.9% and 21.4%, respectively). The YLY900 variety showed notable yield improvement due to enhanced aboveground biomass production resulting from increased IPAR and RUE. In contrast, the QYHZ variety's aboveground biomass accumulation was primarily influenced by RUE rather than IPAR, resulting in higher RUE and grain yields of 9.2% and 5.3%, respectively, compared to YLY900. Importantly, fertilization led to significant increases in yield, biomass, and RUE, while HI remained relatively constant. Both varieties demonstrated a positive relationship between grain yield and IPAR and RUE. Multiple regression analysis indicated that increasing RUE was the primary driver of yield improvement in hybrid rice varieties. By promoting sustainable agriculture and enhancing fertilizer management, elevating nitrogen and potassium levels from a low base would synergistically enhance rice yield and RUE, emphasizing the critical importance of RUE in hybrid rice productivity compared to HI.
超级杂交稻卓越的产量表现对确保全球粮食安全起到了关键作用。然而，关于不同氮钾处理下辐射利用效率（RUE）对杂交水稻产量贡献的研究却很匮乏。在这项为期三年的田间试验中，我们旨在评估两个杂交水稻品种（Y两优900：YLY900和荃优华占：QYHZ）在不同氮素水平（N：90千克氮/公顷、N：120千克氮/公顷、N：180千克氮/公顷）和钾素水平（K：120千克氧化钾/公顷、K：160千克氧化钾/公顷、K：210千克氧化钾/公顷）下对籽粒产量及其生理决定因素的影响，这些生理决定因素包括RUE、光合有效辐射截获量（IPAR）、地上部生物量生产和收获指数（HI）。我们的结果表明，两个水稻品种在施氮和钾肥时均表现出显著更高的产量。与N×K处理相比，N×K和N×K组合使籽粒产量（分别提高12.0%和21.1%）和RUE（分别提高11.9%和21.4%）大幅增加。YLY900品种由于IPAR和RUE增加导致地上部生物量生产增强，产量显著提高。相比之下，QYHZ品种地上部生物量积累主要受RUE而非IPAR影响，与YLY900相比，其RUE和籽粒产量分别提高了9.2%和5.3%。重要的是，施肥导致产量、生物量和RUE显著增加，而HI保持相对稳定。两个品种的籽粒产量与IPAR和RUE之间均呈正相关。多元回归分析表明，提高RUE是杂交水稻品种产量提高的主要驱动因素。通过促进可持续农业和加强肥料管理，从低基数提高氮钾水平将协同提高水稻产量和RUE，这凸显了RUE相较于HI在杂交水稻生产力中的关键重要性。
