Abenojar Juana, López de Armentia Sara, Martínez Miguel Angel
Materials Science and Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, 28015 Madrid, Spain.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Aug 29;16(17):2454. doi: 10.3390/polym16172454.
The primary characteristic of ablative materials is their fire resistance. This study explored the development of cost-effective ablative materials formed into application-specific shapes by using a polymer matrix reinforced with ceramic powder. A thermoplastic (polypropylene; PP) and a thermoset (polyester; UPE) matrix were used to manufacture ablative materials with 50 wt% silicon carbide (SiC) particles. The reference composites (50 wt% SiC) were compared to those with 1 and 3 wt% short glass fibers (0.5 mm length) and to composites using a 1 and 3 wt% glass fiber mesh. Fire resistance was tested using a butane flame (900 °C) and by measuring the transmitted heat with a thermocouple. Results showed that the type of polymer matrix (PP or UPE) did not influence fire resistance. Composites with short glass fibers had a fire-resistance time of 100 s, while those with glass fiber mesh tripled this resistance time. The novelty of this work lies in the exploration of a specific type of material with unique percentages of SiC not previously studied. The aim is to develop a low-cost coating for industrial warehouses that has improved fire-protective properties, maintains lower temperatures, and enhances the wear and impact resistance.
烧蚀材料的主要特性是其耐火性。本研究探索了通过使用陶瓷粉末增强的聚合物基体来开发具有成本效益且能制成特定应用形状的烧蚀材料。使用热塑性塑料（聚丙烯；PP）和热固性塑料（聚酯；UPE）基体来制造含有50 wt%碳化硅（SiC）颗粒的烧蚀材料。将参考复合材料（50 wt% SiC）与含有1 wt%和3 wt%短玻璃纤维（长度0.5 mm）的复合材料以及使用1 wt%和3 wt%玻璃纤维网的复合材料进行比较。使用丁烷火焰（900 °C）并通过用热电偶测量透射热来测试耐火性。结果表明，聚合物基体的类型（PP或UPE）不影响耐火性。含有短玻璃纤维的复合材料的耐火时间为100秒，而含有玻璃纤维网的复合材料的耐火时间增至其三倍。这项工作的新颖之处在于探索了一种具有独特SiC百分比的特定类型材料，此前尚未对其进行过研究。目的是开发一种用于工业仓库的低成本涂层，该涂层具有改进的防火性能、保持较低温度并增强耐磨性和抗冲击性。
