Napiórkowska-Baran Katarzyna, Darwish Samira, Kaczor Justyna, Treichel Paweł, Szymczak Bartłomiej, Szota Maciej, Koperska Kinga, Bartuzi Zbigniew
Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2024 Aug 27;13(17):5079. doi: 10.3390/jcm13175079.
Oral findings such as inflammation, ulcerations, or lesions can indicate serious systemic diseases and should prompt suspicion of acquired chronic conditions or inborn errors of immunity (IEIs). Currently, there are approximately 500 disease entities classified as IEIs, with the list expanding annually. The awareness of the existence of such conditions is of paramount importance, as patients with these disorders frequently necessitate the utilization of enhanced diagnostic techniques. This is exemplified by patients with impaired antibody production, in whom conventional serological methods may prove to be undiagnostic. Patients with IEI may require distinct therapeutic approaches or antimicrobial prophylaxis throughout their lives. An accurate diagnosis and, more importantly, early identification of patients with immune deficiencies is crucial to ensure the quality and longevity of their lives. It is important to note that the failure to establish a proper diagnosis or to provide adequate treatment could also have legal implications for medical professionals. The article presents IEIs, which may manifest in the oral cavity, and their diagnosis alongside therapeutic procedures.
口腔检查结果，如炎症、溃疡或病变，可能提示严重的全身性疾病，应引发对获得性慢性病或先天性免疫缺陷（IEIs）的怀疑。目前，约有500种疾病被归类为IEIs，且这一清单每年都在增加。了解这些疾病的存在至关重要，因为患有这些疾病的患者常常需要使用更先进的诊断技术。抗体产生受损的患者就是一个例子，传统血清学方法对这类患者可能无法做出诊断。患有IEI的患者可能一生中都需要不同的治疗方法或抗菌预防措施。准确诊断，更重要的是早期识别免疫缺陷患者，对于确保他们的生活质量和寿命至关重要。需要注意的是，未能做出正确诊断或提供充分治疗也可能给医疗专业人员带来法律问题。本文介绍了可能在口腔表现的IEIs及其诊断和治疗方法。
