Centro de Química-Vila Real (CQ-VR) and Chemistry Department, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Molecules. 2024 Aug 29;29(17):4098. doi: 10.3390/molecules29174098.
Electrogenerated hydrophilic carbon (EHC) nanomaterials emerge as a highly attractive option for mimicking the activity of the superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) due to their exceptional water solubility and electron-transfer reversibility. Motivated by these properties, the EHC nanomaterials were utilized to assess the effect of ionic strength on the SOD-like activity. Superoxide anion radicals (O) were generated using the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system, with nitro blue tetrazolium chloride serving as the detecting system. A significant boost in the SOD-like activity was found via the addition of an electrolyte to the as-prepared nanomaterial solution. The effect of the electrolyte cation (Na and K), as well as its counterion (Cl, CHCOO, and HPO/HPO) were analyzed. Based on these studies, a new formulation for the preparation of the carbon-based nanomaterial was established. It was demonstrated that the SOD-like activity follows an enzyme-type catalytic activity rather than the stoichiometric scavenging of the superoxide anion radical. It was concluded that 12.71 µg/mL of the EHC nanomaterial exhibits catalytic activity comparable to 15.46 µg/mL of the native Cu/Zn-SOD enzyme. This study provides a starting point for the development of a new nanotool to fight the oxidative stress associated with pathophysiological conditions where SOD activity is depleted.
电化学生成亲水性碳（EHC）纳米材料由于其出色的水溶性和电子转移可逆性，成为模拟超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性的极具吸引力的选择。受这些特性的启发，我们利用 EHC 纳米材料来评估离子强度对 SOD 样活性的影响。使用黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶系统生成超氧阴离子自由基（O），并用氯化硝基四氮唑蓝作为检测系统。通过向制备好的纳米材料溶液中添加电解质，可以显著提高 SOD 样活性。分析了电解质阳离子（Na 和 K）及其反离子（Cl、CHCOO 和 HPO/HPO）的影响。基于这些研究，建立了一种新的碳基纳米材料制备配方。研究表明，SOD 样活性遵循酶催化活性，而不是超氧阴离子自由基的化学计量清除。研究结果表明，12.71 µg/mL 的 EHC 纳米材料具有与 15.46 µg/mL 的天然 Cu/Zn-SOD 酶相当的催化活性。这项研究为开发一种新的纳米工具提供了一个起点，以对抗与 SOD 活性耗竭的病理生理状况相关的氧化应激。
