Referral Center for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 24;16(17):2829. doi: 10.3390/nu16172829.
The use of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FA) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) is an area of ongoing research. Some studies suggest that dietary supplementation with omega-3 FA can help manage symptoms of AD by reducing lesion severity, skin inflammation, dryness and itching, while others show no significant beneficial effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of omega-3 FA from fish oil in combination with gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) from blackcurrant seed oil in children with AD. This is a longitudinal, prospective, randomized, triple blind, placebo-controlled parallel clinical trial. The study was conducted during the 2-year period throughout autumn, winter, and spring, avoiding the summer when AD usually improves. Children were randomized to receive the active study product (Mega Kid) containing a specific blend of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids or placebo. The primary outcomes were changes in severity of AD measured using SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), patient-oriented SCORAD (PO-SCORAD) and the difference in topical corticosteroid (TCS) use. The secondary outcomes were changes in itch intensity, sleep quality and Family Dermatology Life Quality Index (FDLQI). Data were analyzed for 52 children (26 in the intervention group and 26 in the placebo group). In children receiving the active product, intention-to-treat analysis showed that after 4 months of treatment, there was a significant decrease in the SCORAD index (from median 42 to 25, < 0.001) and the use of topical corticosteroids (from median 30 to 10 mg/month, < 0.001), but also significant improvements in itch, sleep quality, and overall quality of life. Omega-3 fatty acids in combination with GLA and vitamin D may decrease symptoms and were associated with an improvement clinical picture of AD in children. Therefore, we can conclude that supplementation with this specific combination could be considered a safe and effective intervention that may significantly reduce the severity of AD in pediatric patients.
ω-3 脂肪酸（ω-3 FA）在特应性皮炎（AD）治疗中的应用是一个正在进行的研究领域。一些研究表明，通过减少病变严重程度、皮肤炎症、干燥和瘙痒，饮食补充 ω-3 FA 可以帮助控制 AD 症状，而其他研究则没有显示出显著的有益效果。本研究旨在评估鱼油中的 ω-3 FA 与黑加仑籽油中的 γ-亚麻酸（GLA）联合用于 AD 儿童的效果。这是一项纵向、前瞻性、随机、三盲、安慰剂对照的平行临床试验。该研究在整个秋季、冬季和春季进行了 2 年，避开了 AD 通常会改善的夏季。儿童被随机分配接受含有特定混合 ω-3 和 ω-6 脂肪酸的活性研究产品（Mega Kid）或安慰剂。主要结局是使用 SCORing 特应性皮炎（SCORAD）、患者导向的 SCORAD（PO-SCORAD）和外用皮质类固醇（TCS）使用差异测量的 AD 严重程度变化。次要结局是瘙痒强度、睡眠质量和家庭皮肤病生活质量指数（FDLQI）的变化。对 52 名儿童（干预组 26 名，安慰剂组 26 名）进行了数据分析。在接受活性产品的儿童中，意向治疗分析显示，治疗 4 个月后，SCORAD 指数（从中位数 42 降至 25， < 0.001）和外用皮质类固醇（从中位数 30 降至 10 mg/月， < 0.001）显著降低，瘙痒、睡眠质量和整体生活质量也显著改善。ω-3 脂肪酸与 GLA 和维生素 D 联合使用可能会减轻症状，并与儿童 AD 临床症状的改善有关。因此，我们可以得出结论，补充这种特定的组合可能被认为是一种安全有效的干预措施，可以显著减轻儿科患者 AD 的严重程度。
