Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
Food Res Int. 2024 Nov;195:114949. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114949. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
In general, for most environmental persistent organic pollutants (POPs), dietary intake is the main way of exposure. Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are a family of two-ringed aromatic compounds, which are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, being structurally similar to PCDD/Fs and PCBs. Although the production and use of PCNs were banned in the USA and Europe some decades ago, due to their persistent properties, PCNs remain still present in the environment, being able to enter the food chain. The present paper was aimed at reviewing the results of the studies focused on determining the levels of PCNs in foods. The human dietary intake of these compounds was also reviewed with the few available data. The information on the levels of PCNs in foodstuffs is currently more abundant than that found in a previous review (Domingo, 2004). Since then, China is the country that has contributed with the greatest number of studies. The results of most surveys seem to suggest that human health risks of PCNs due to dietary exposure should not be worrying. However, because of the important differences in the methodology of the published studies, the comparison of the results is not easy, although there seems to be a general trend towards a decrease in the levels of PCNs in foods. In the next few years, a continued reduction of the environmental levels of PCNs is still expected. Therefore, a direct repercussion of the concentrations of these pollutants in foodstuffs must be also noted. Consequently, a reduction of the dietary exposure to PCNs should be expected. Anyway, to establish the tolerable dietary intake of PCNs is a key issue for assessing human health risks of these pollutants.
一般来说，对于大多数环境持久性有机污染物（POPs），饮食摄入是主要的暴露途径。多氯萘（PCNs）是一种双环芳香族化合物，是普遍存在的环境污染物，其结构与 PCDD/Fs 和 PCBs 相似。尽管几十年前美国和欧洲已经禁止生产和使用 PCNs，但由于其持久性，PCNs 仍然存在于环境中，并能够进入食物链。本文旨在回顾研究 PCNs 在食品中含量的结果。还对这些化合物的人类饮食摄入量进行了审查，不过可用数据很少。关于食品中 PCNs 含量的信息比之前的一篇综述（Domingo，2004）更为丰富。自那时以来，中国是提供研究最多的国家。大多数调查的结果似乎表明，由于饮食摄入而导致的 PCNs 对人类健康的风险不应令人担忧。然而，由于已发表研究的方法学存在重要差异，因此比较结果并不容易，尽管似乎存在食品中 PCNs 水平普遍下降的趋势。在未来几年，预计环境中 PCNs 的水平将继续下降。因此，还必须注意这些污染物在食品中的浓度的直接影响。因此，预计 PCNs 的饮食暴露量将会减少。无论如何，确定 PCNs 的可耐受膳食摄入量是评估这些污染物对人类健康风险的关键问题。
