Krause Kristen D, D'Avanzo Paul A, Karr Anita G, Rhem Coree, Halkitis Perry N
Center for Health, Identity, Behavior, and Prevention Studies, School of Public Health (CHIBPS), Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA; Department of Urban-Global Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Center for Health, Identity, Behavior, and Prevention Studies, School of Public Health (CHIBPS), Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
Vaccine. 2024 Dec 2;42(26):126320. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126320. Epub 2024 Sep 14.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and other (LGBTQ+) individuals face numerous health disparities, including higher rates of chronic diseases and sexually transmitted infections, partly due to marginalization, discrimination, and a healthcare system often unprepared to meet their specific needs. Despite the importance of vaccination in preventing these health issues, vaccination patterns in LGBTQ+ populations remain under-researched, with limited data available due to the absence of sexual orientation and gender identity information on most healthcare forms. As such, we sought to understand vaccine uptake among LGBTQ+ individuals living in New Jersey and New York for 7 primary adult vaccines.
Participants were 768 LGBTQ+ adults living in New Jersey and New York, US. We recruited this convenience sample through community centers and events, social media, and listservs of local professional organizations. The online survey examined uptake for 7 adult vaccines.
Of the 7 adult vaccines, human papilloma virus (HPV) had the lowest proportion of participants who were fully/partially vaccinated (54.4 %), followed by hepatitis A (59.8 %), hepatitis B (63.0 %), meningitis B (63.7 %), seasonal influenza during the COVID-19 pandemic (70.2 %), seasonal influenza before the COVID-19 pandemic (70.3 %), and nearly all participants (99.2 %) received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. For Shingles virus, among participants age 50+, 63.8 % were fully/partially vaccinated. In adjusted models, age was the strongest predictor of vaccination uptake in HPV, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, meningitis B, and seasonal influenza before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Younger participants were more likely to be vaccinated for 4 of the 6 vaccines, excluding Shingles (<0.001), whereas older adults were more likely to be vaccinated for seasonal influenza before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (<0.010).
This study highlights the differences in uptake across different vaccines. It also draws attention to differences within LGBTQ+ populations which is important to consider when ensuring more equitable vaccine access.
女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者、酷儿及其他（LGBTQ+）群体面临众多健康差异，包括慢性病和性传播感染的发病率较高，部分原因是边缘化、歧视以及医疗保健系统往往未做好满足其特殊需求的准备。尽管疫苗接种对于预防这些健康问题至关重要，但LGBTQ+群体的疫苗接种模式仍研究不足，由于大多数医疗保健表格上缺乏性取向和性别认同信息，可用数据有限。因此，我们试图了解居住在新泽西州和纽约州的LGBTQ+个体对7种主要成人疫苗的接种情况。
参与者为居住在美国新泽西州和纽约州的768名LGBTQ+成年人。我们通过社区中心和活动、社交媒体以及当地专业组织的邮件列表招募了这个便利样本。在线调查考察了7种成人疫苗的接种情况。
在这7种成人疫苗中，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗的全程/部分接种参与者比例最低（54.4%），其次是甲型肝炎疫苗（59.8%）、乙型肝炎疫苗（63.0%）、B型脑膜炎疫苗（63.7%）、新冠疫情期间的季节性流感疫苗（70.2%）、新冠疫情之前的季节性流感疫苗（70.3%），几乎所有参与者（99.2%）都接种了至少一剂新冠疫苗。对于带状疱疹病毒，在50岁及以上的参与者中，63.8%的人全程/部分接种了疫苗。在调整模型中，年龄是HPV、甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、B型脑膜炎以及新冠疫情之前和期间的季节性流感疫苗接种情况的最强预测因素。较年轻的参与者接种6种疫苗中的4种（不包括带状疱疹疫苗）的可能性更大（<0.001），而在新冠疫情之前和期间，老年人接种季节性流感疫苗的可能性更大（<0.010）。
本研究突出了不同疫苗接种情况的差异。它还提请人们注意LGBTQ+群体内部的差异，这在确保更公平的疫苗可及性时很重要。
