Coker N J, Ator G A, Jenkins H A, Neblett C R, Morris J R
Arch Otolaryngol. 1985 Sep;111(9):601-5. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1985.00800110079007.
Small-fenestra stapedotomy has recently been popularized in efforts to reduce the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss following stapes surgery for otospongiosis. Lasers have been advocated as a tool to fenestrate the stapes footplate. Conversion of radiant energy from the laser into heat in the vestibule represents the greatest potential risk to the inner ear. Using a carbon dioxide laser with a focal point of 150 microns at 300 mm, fenestrations of the stapes footplate were performed in a series of 14 anesthetized cats. The laser power output ranged from 0.47 to 3.05 W, with pulse durations of 0.2 and 0.5 s. Resultant temperature elevations in the vestibule, measured by a thin-wire thermocouple, ranged from 0 to 4.4 degrees C (0 to 8 degrees F) and directly correlated to wattage and duration of the laser-beam pulse. Temperature changes could be reduced by use of lower wattage, shorter pulse duration, timed intervals between pulses, and convection cooling of the promontory.
小窗镫骨切除术最近已得到推广，旨在降低耳硬化症镫骨手术后感音神经性听力损失的发生率。激光已被提倡作为一种用于镫骨足板开窗的工具。激光的辐射能在耳蜗内转化为热量是内耳面临的最大潜在风险。使用焦距为150微米、距离为300毫米的二氧化碳激光，对14只麻醉猫进行了一系列镫骨足板开窗手术。激光功率输出范围为0.47至3.05瓦，脉冲持续时间为0.2秒和0.5秒。通过细钢丝热电偶测量，耳蜗内的温度升高范围为0至4.4摄氏度（0至8华氏度），且与激光束脉冲的功率和持续时间直接相关。通过使用较低功率、较短脉冲持续时间、脉冲之间的定时间隔以及对岬部进行对流冷却，可以降低温度变化。
