Badeso Mohammed Hasen, Kalil Falaho Sani, Ferede Henok Asefa, Bogale Naod Berhanu
Field Epidemiology Training Program, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Pan Afr Med J. 2024 May 31;48:37. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.37.20269. eCollection 2024.
pertussis is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Globally, an estimated 45 millions cases and 400,000 deaths occur every year. Meda Walebu surveillance office reported a pertussis outbreak among the residents of the Liqimsa-Bokore kebele communities. We investigated to describe the magnitude of the pertussis outbreak in Likimsa-Bokore kebele of Meda-Walebu district, Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia.
we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in April 2019. We identified pertussis cases recorded on the line list. Suspected cases of pertussis were defined as any resident of Likimsa-Bokore kebele with cough illness and any of the following: paroxysms of coughing, inspiratory whooping, post-tussive vomiting, or apnea. The pentavalent vaccine coverage data were extracted from the Bale zone health management information system department database. Microsoft Excel pivot table and SPSS version 23 software cleaned and analyzed the data.
in three months period, a total of 439 suspected cases of pertussis were reported from Likimsa-Bokore kebele of the Meda-Walebu district. Half of the cases 220(50.1%) have occurred in females and the majority of cases 256 (58.3%) occurred in under five years children. The median age of cases was 4 years ranging from 2 months to 30 years (interquartile range= 4 years). The overall Attack Rate (AR) was 55 per 1000 population with a case fatality rate of 0.7% (3 deaths/439). Children less than five years were the most affected age group with an AR of 198 per 1000 population. The administrative pentavalent vaccine coverage of the district was above 100% during the year 2015-2018.
the overall attack rate of pertussis outbreak was high. Children under five years were the most affected age group irrespective of high administrative coverage of the pentavalent vaccine. Strengthening routine immunization management and intensified surveillance system is required for early detection, investigation, and response activities.
百日咳是儿童发病和死亡的主要原因。全球范围内，每年估计有4500万例病例和40万人死亡。梅达·瓦莱布监测办公室报告了利基姆萨 - 博科雷凯贝勒社区居民中发生的百日咳疫情。我们进行调查以描述埃塞俄比亚东南部巴勒州梅达 - 瓦莱布区利基姆萨 - 博科雷凯贝勒百日咳疫情的规模。
我们于2019年4月进行了一项描述性横断面研究。我们确定了在线列表中记录的百日咳病例。百日咳疑似病例定义为利基姆萨 - 博科雷凯贝勒的任何居民，患有咳嗽疾病且伴有以下任何一种情况：阵发性咳嗽、吸气性哮吼、咳嗽后呕吐或呼吸暂停。五价疫苗接种覆盖率数据从巴勒州卫生管理信息系统部门数据库中提取。使用Microsoft Excel数据透视表和SPSS 23版软件对数据进行清理和分析。
在三个月的时间里，梅达 - 瓦莱布区利基姆萨 - 博科雷凯贝勒共报告了439例百日咳疑似病例。其中一半病例220例（50.1%）为女性，大多数病例256例（58.3%）发生在5岁以下儿童中。病例的中位年龄为4岁，年龄范围从2个月至30岁（四分位间距 = 4岁）。总体发病率（AR）为每1000人口55例，病死率为0.7%（3例死亡/439例）。5岁以下儿童是受影响最严重的年龄组，发病率为每1000人口198例。该地区2015 - 2018年行政五价疫苗接种覆盖率超过100%。
百日咳疫情的总体发病率很高。无论五价疫苗的行政接种覆盖率如何，5岁以下儿童都是受影响最严重的年龄组。需要加强常规免疫管理并强化监测系统，以便进行早期发现、调查和应对活动。
