Mallahi Ebad, Abesi Farida, Rajaei-Rad Fatemeh, Gholinia Hemmat
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
J Clin Exp Dent. 2024 Aug 1;16(8):e1004-e1011. doi: 10.4317/jced.61861. eCollection 2024 Aug.
So far, different studies have endeavored to evaluate the position and dimensions of mental foramen and canal using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images with various results. This study aimed to assess the anatomical variations of the mental foramen and canal utilizing CBCT images.
In this retrospective observational study, we investigated CBCT scans of 355 patients (710 terminal branches of mental canal and foramen) who were referred to a private dental and maxillofacial radiology center in Babol, during 2020-2022. We recorded different anatomical variations of mental foramina and canals on left (n=355) and right (n=355) mandibles.
Most of the mental canals had a distal opening (n=334, 47.0%). The distance between the mental foramen and the lower mandibular border was greater on left mandible (13.92±3.73 mm) than on the right mandible (12.25±3.94 mm) (<0.001). On left mandible, the vertical diameter of the mental foramen, as well as the distance between the mental foramen and the lower mandibular border, were significantly greater in men than in women. On right mandible, the distance between the mental foramen and the upper alveolar crest edge, as well as the distance between the mental foramen and the lower mandibular border, were significantly greater in men versus women. Finally, on right mandible, the vertical diameter of the mental foramen was significantly greater in subjects aged >45 years compared with those aged ≤45 (=0.024).
There were notable variations in the morphological characteristics of the mental foramen and canal, which should be considered by clinicians. Mental foramen, mental canal, cone-beam computed tomography.
到目前为止，不同的研究致力于使用锥束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）图像评估颏孔和颏管的位置及尺寸，结果各异。本研究旨在利用CBCT图像评估颏孔和颏管的解剖变异。
在这项回顾性观察研究中，我们调查了2020年至2022年期间转诊至巴博尔一家私立口腔颌面放射中心的355例患者（710个颏管和颏孔的终末分支）的CBCT扫描图像。我们记录了左（n = 355）、右（n = 355）下颌骨上颏孔和颏管的不同解剖变异。
大多数颏管有一个远中开口（n = 334，47.0%）。左下颌骨上颏孔与下颌骨下缘之间的距离（13.92±3.73 mm）大于右下颌骨（12.25±3.94 mm）（<0.001）。在左下颌骨上，男性颏孔的垂直直径以及颏孔与下颌骨下缘之间的距离显著大于女性。在右下颌骨上，男性颏孔与上牙槽嵴边缘之间的距离以及颏孔与下颌骨下缘之间的距离显著大于女性。最后，在右下颌骨上，年龄>45岁的受试者颏孔的垂直直径显著大于年龄≤45岁的受试者（P = 0.024）。
颏孔和颏管的形态特征存在显著变异，临床医生应予以考虑。颏孔、颏管、锥束计算机断层扫描。
