Tsolo Amsayas, Kore Kokeb, Sheferaw Desie
Daramalo District Livestock and Fisheries Resource Office, Gamo Zone, Ethiopia.
Animal Health Institution Arba-Minch Center, Ethiopia.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2024 Aug 15;26:e00374. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00374. eCollection 2024 Aug.
African animal trypanosomosis is one of the main obstacles to the development of livestock and agricultural output in Ethiopia. It usually results in a severe, frequently fatal sickness, and the infected animals were more weakened as the disease progress and become unfit for work. A cross sectional study design was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 with the aim of estimating the prevalence of trypanosome infection both in spp. and cattle, and to assess apparent density of spp. A total of 298 cattle were selected and examined for trypanosome by using buffy coat technique. The overall prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was 19.1%; and two species of trypanosomes, and , were identified in the study area. The prevalence of . and were 15.8% and 2.3%, respectively. The prevalence of trypanosomosis was significantly higher in adult animals (OR = 2.7; < 0.05) than in younger cattle and poor body condition (OR = 3.18; p 0.05) than medium body condition animals. The mean PCV value of infected animals was 14.3% (13.3-15.4) significantly lower than the non-infected animals 18.5% (17.8-19.2). is the only tsetse species encountered in all the study areas. In total, 2992 flies were caught of which 90.8% belong to and 9.2% were other biting flies. The overall apparent density of was 20.1 F/T/D and other biting flies were 2.0 F/T/D. A total of 307 live were dissected. The overall prevalence of infection rate was 9.1% (95% CI = 5.9-12.4). The prevalence of infection was significantly higher in Kucha district (OR = 3.2, χ = 2.6, p 0.05) than the other two districts, Daramalo and Arba Minch Zuria. Also it was significantly higher in flies trapped from riverine forest areas (OR = 5.5, χ = 2.86, p 0.05). Therefore, to reduce the impact of trypanosomosis and vector control and treating infected cattle with prophylactic or chemotherapeutic drugs and active community participation can play a key role.
非洲动物锥虫病是埃塞俄比亚畜牧业发展和农业产出的主要障碍之一。它通常会导致严重且往往致命的疾病，随着疾病的发展，受感染的动物会更加虚弱，无法工作。2021年12月至2022年4月进行了一项横断面研究，目的是估计锥虫在采采蝇和牛中的感染率，并评估采采蝇的表观密度。共选择了298头牛，采用血沉棕黄层技术检测锥虫。牛锥虫病的总体患病率为19.1%；在研究区域内鉴定出两种锥虫，即布氏锥虫和刚果锥虫。布氏锥虫和刚果锥虫的患病率分别为15.8%和2.3%。成年动物的锥虫病患病率（OR = 2.7；p < 0.05）显著高于幼年牛，身体状况差的动物（OR = 3.18；p < 0.05）高于身体状况中等的动物。感染动物的平均红细胞压积值为14.3%（13.3 - 15.4），显著低于未感染动物的18.5%（17.8 - 19.2）。采采蝇是所有研究区域中唯一遇到的采采蝇种类。总共捕获了2992只苍蝇，其中90.8%属于采采蝇，9.2%是其他叮咬蝇。采采蝇的总体表观密度为20.1只/诱捕点/天，其他叮咬蝇为2.0只/诱捕点/天。总共解剖了307只活采采蝇。采采蝇感染率的总体患病率为9.1%（95%置信区间 = 5.9 - 12.4）。库查区采采蝇的感染患病率（OR = 3.2，χ² = 2.6，p < 0.05）显著高于其他两个区，即达拉马洛区和阿尔巴明奇祖里亚区。从河边森林地区捕获的采采蝇感染率也显著更高（OR = 5.5，χ² = 2.86，p < 0.05）。因此，为减少锥虫病的影响，采采蝇媒介控制以及用预防性或化疗药物治疗感染牛和社区的积极参与可发挥关键作用。
