Guo Jinbao, Zhong Li, Momeni Mohammad Reza
Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Cell Biol Toxicol. 2024 Sep 16;40(1):77. doi: 10.1007/s10565-024-09920-2.
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common cancers that are responsible for a large portion of global cancer fatalities. Due to this, there is a pressing need for innovative strategies to identify and treat GI cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short ncRNAs that can be considered either cancer-causing or tumor-inhibiting molecules. MicroRNA-155, also known as miR-155, is a vital regulator in various cancer types. This miRNA has a carcinogenic role in a variety of gastrointestinal cancers, including pancreatic, colon, and gastric cancers. Since the abnormal production of miR-155 has been detected in various malignancies and has a correlation with increased mortality, it is a promising target for future therapeutic approaches. Moreover, exosomal miR-155 associated with tumors have significant functions in communicating between cells and establishing the microenvironment for cancer in GI cancers. Various types of genetic material, such as specifically miR-155 as well as proteins found in cancer-related exosomes, have the ability to be transmitted to other cells and have a function in the advancement of tumor. Therefore, it is critical to conduct a review that outlines the diverse functions of miR-155 in gastrointestinal malignancies. As a result, we present a current overview of the role of miR-155 in gastrointestinal cancers. Our research highlighted the role of miR-155 in GI cancers and covered critical issues in GI cancer such as pharmacologic inhibitors of miRNA-155, miRNA-155-assosiated circular RNAs, immune-related cells contain miRNA-155. Importantly, we discussed miRNA-155 in GI cancer resistance to chemotherapy, diagnosis and clinical trials. Furthermore, the function of miR-155 enclosed in exosomes that are released by cancer cells or tumor-associated macrophages is also covered.
胃肠道（GI）癌症是常见癌症，在全球癌症死亡病例中占很大比例。因此，迫切需要创新策略来识别和治疗胃肠道癌症。微小RNA（miRNA）是短链非编码RNA，可被视为致癌或抑癌分子。MicroRNA-155，也称为miR-155，是多种癌症类型中的重要调节因子。这种miRNA在包括胰腺癌、结肠癌和胃癌在内的多种胃肠道癌症中具有致癌作用。由于在各种恶性肿瘤中均检测到miR-155的异常产生，且其与死亡率增加相关，因此它是未来治疗方法的一个有前景的靶点。此外，与肿瘤相关的外泌体miR-155在胃肠道癌症的细胞间通讯和建立癌症微环境中具有重要作用。各种类型的遗传物质，如特定的miR-155以及在癌症相关外泌体中发现的蛋白质，能够传递到其他细胞并在肿瘤进展中发挥作用。因此，进行一项概述miR-155在胃肠道恶性肿瘤中多种功能的综述至关重要。因此，我们对miR-155在胃肠道癌症中的作用进行了当前概述。我们的研究强调了miR-155在胃肠道癌症中的作用，并涵盖了胃肠道癌症中的关键问题，如miRNA-155的药理抑制剂、与miRNA-155相关的环状RNA、含有miRNA-155的免疫相关细胞。重要的是，我们讨论了miR-155在胃肠道癌症化疗耐药性、诊断和临床试验中的情况。此外，还涵盖了癌细胞或肿瘤相关巨噬细胞释放的外泌体中所含miR-155的功能。
