Ueland Thor, Nkele Isaac, Hoel Hedda, Lockman Shahin, Michelsen Annika E, Moshomo Thato, Aukrust Pål, Mohammed Terence, Trøseid Marius, Mosepele Mosepele
Research Institute for Internal Medicine.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
AIDS. 2025 Jan 1;39(1):22-30. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004014. Epub 2024 Sep 13.
HIV is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We investigated soluble markers of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and inflammation in relation to presence of carotid plaques in a well characterized adult cross-sectional study of people with HIV (PWH) and matched people without HIV in Botswana.
Using enzyme immunoassays we analyzed plasma ECM remodeling mediators including galectin-3 (GAL-3), cystatin B (CysB), and growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and the inflammatory marker interleukin (IL)-18 in 196 without HIV and 197 PWH of which 36 were ART-naïve.
We found (i) PWH had higher plasma levels of the ECM markers GAL-3 and CysB and the NLRP3 inflammasome activation marker IL-18, mainly in ART naïve participants, (ii) PWH on ART had markedly higher GDF-15, associated with use of first generation nucleoside analogs; iii) high levels of CysB and IL-18 correlated with presence of carotid plaques.
In PWH, high levels of CysB and IL-18 were associated with the presence of carotid plaques. For IL-18, this was observed in the study population as a whole, whereas the association for CysB was restricted to PWH.
HIV与心血管疾病风险增加相关。在博茨瓦纳一项针对感染HIV者（PWH）及匹配的未感染HIV者的特征明确的成人横断面研究中，我们调查了细胞外基质（ECM）重塑和炎症的可溶性标志物与颈动脉斑块存在情况的关系。
我们使用酶免疫测定法分析了196名未感染HIV者和197名PWH的血浆ECM重塑介质，包括半乳糖凝集素-3（GAL-3）、胱抑素B（CysB）和生长/分化因子15（GDF-15）以及炎症标志物白细胞介素（IL）-18，其中36名PWH未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）。
我们发现（i）PWH的血浆ECM标志物GAL-3和CysB以及NLRP3炎性小体激活标志物IL-18水平较高，主要见于未接受ART的参与者；（ii）接受ART的PWH的GDF-15水平明显较高，这与第一代核苷类似物的使用有关；（iii）CysB和IL-18的高水平与颈动脉斑块的存在相关。
在PWH中，CysB和IL-18的高水平与颈动脉斑块的存在相关。对于IL-18，在整个研究人群中观察到了这种关联，而CysB的关联仅限于PWH。
