Food Toxicology and Contaminants Dept., National Research Center, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Food Toxicology and Contaminants Dept., National Research Center, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Toxicon. 2024 Nov 6;250:108098. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108098. Epub 2024 Sep 14.
Aflatoxin B (AFB) is a pre-carcinogenic molecule produced by toxigenic fungi and is widely harmful to public health. Algae extracts are sub-cellular pilot plants rich in bioactive substances that aid detoxification. This study aimed to reduce AFB-toxicity in biological tissues of administrated rats using two algae extracts, Spirulina (SPR) and Amphora (AMR). Algae extracts were prepared using an aqueous system, concentrated, and lyophilized before being administrated to rats. The extract contents of total phenolic and flavonoids were determined to indicate their bioactive content and antioxidant potency. The animal experiment was designed in 8 groups as the control negative and control positive (AFB; 20 μg/kg BW/day); groups 3 and 4 were designed for control positive of algae applied at high doses for toxicity evaluation. Otherwise, four groups were classified as G5 and G6 for rats administrated by AFB followed by 50 and 100 mg/kg Spirulina extract, respectively. The G7 and G8 were administrated with an AFB1 dose followed by amphora treatment at 50 and 100 mg extract/kg, respectively. The results showed a significant content of algae extracts of phenolic compounds (27.36 ± 1.75 and 39.55 ± 1.14 mg GAE/g DW for the SPR and AMR, respectively), with a valuable antioxidant activity. For rats treated only with the SPR or AMR extracts, no tissue changes were recorded for the liver, kidney, pancreas, or testis. Again, the biochemical parameters of these groups are recorded without harmful impacts, particularly for the tumor markers of AFP, TNF-α, CEA, and ALP. Once more, a higher extract concentration was more effective in AFB-toxicity reduction, particularly for the SPR on the liver and kidney tissues. The SPR extract manifested a protective impact in sensitive tissue against the AFB effect, particularly in the testis. The results recommend the application of SPR extract at 100 mg/kg bw as an effective treatment for AFB-toxicity regulation (as pharmaceutical or nutraceutical) involved in daily habits.
黄曲霉毒素 B（AFB）是一种产毒真菌产生的前致癌分子，广泛危害公众健康。藻类提取物是富含生物活性物质的亚细胞试验工厂，有助于解毒。本研究旨在使用两种藻类提取物螺旋藻（SPR）和 Amphora（AMR）来降低给予大鼠的生物组织中的 AFB 毒性。使用水系统制备藻类提取物，浓缩并冻干后再给予大鼠。测定提取物中总酚和类黄酮的含量，以表明其生物活性含量和抗氧化能力。动物实验设计了 8 个组，作为阴性对照和阳性对照（AFB；20μg/kg BW/day）；第 3 组和第 4 组设计为高剂量藻类应用的阳性对照，用于评估毒性。否则，第 4 组和第 5 组分别被归类为给予 AFB 后给予 50 和 100mg/kg 螺旋藻提取物的 G5 和 G6 组。G7 和 G8 组给予 AFB1 剂量，然后分别用 50 和 100mg 提取物/kg 的 Amphora 处理。结果表明，藻类提取物中酚类化合物的含量显著（SPR 和 AMR 分别为 27.36±1.75 和 39.55±1.14mg GAE/g DW），具有有价值的抗氧化活性。仅给予 SPR 或 AMR 提取物的大鼠，肝脏、肾脏、胰腺或睾丸组织没有变化。同样，这些组的生化参数没有记录到有害影响，特别是 AFP、TNF-α、CEA 和 ALP 肿瘤标志物。再次，较高的提取物浓度对降低 AFB 毒性更有效，特别是 SPR 对肝脏和肾脏组织。SPR 提取物对 AFB 作用敏感组织具有保护作用，特别是在睾丸中。结果表明，100mg/kg bw 的 SPR 提取物作为一种有效的 AFB 毒性调节（作为药物或营养保健品）应用于日常生活习惯。
