Jin Wengang, Zhao Shibo, Li Jiayao, Cheng Kaiqi, Xi Linjie, Pei Jinjin, Gao Ruichang, Jiang Pengfei
Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Collaborative Innovation Center of Bio-Resource in Qinba Mountain Area, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China.
Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources of Shaanxi Province, School of Bioscience and Engineering, Shaanxi, University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
Food Chem X. 2024 Aug 28;23:101786. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101786. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
To uncover the relationships between lipid components and flavor volatiles, distinctness in lipid components and odor substances in giant salamander livers of different genders were comparatively characterized through UPLC-Q Exactive-MS lipidomics and gas chromatography-ion migration spectrometry (GC-IMS). A total of 2171 and 974 lipid metabolites were detected in positive and negative ion modes, respectively. Triglycerides (TG) and phosphatidylcholines (PC) are the most abundant types of lipids. TG level in male livers was higher than that in female livers ( < 0.05), whereas PC level showed no marked variation ( > 0.05). Additionally, a total of 51 volatile components were detected through GC-IMS. Ketones (42.18 % ∼ 45.44 %) and alcohols (24.19 % ∼ 26.50 %) were the predominant categories, and their relative contents were higher in female livers. Finally, 30 differential lipid metabolites and 12 differential odor substances were screened and could be used as distinguishing labels in giant salamander livers of different genders. Correlation analysis indicated that PS(36:2e), TG(48:13), ZyE(37:6), and ZyE(33:6) correlated positively with 3-methyl butanal, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, and 2-methyl-1-propanol ( < 0.05), but adversely linked with 1-penten-3-one, and 1-octen-3-one ( < 0.01). By three-fold cross-validation, prediction accuracies of these differential lipids and volatile compounds for gender recognition based on random forest model were 100 % and 92 %, respectively. These findings might not only add knowledge on lipid and volatile profiles in giant salamander livers as affected by genders, but also provide clues for their gender recognition.
为揭示脂质成分与风味挥发物之间的关系，通过超高效液相色谱-四极杆-轨道阱质谱联用脂质组学技术和气相色谱-离子迁移谱（GC-IMS），对不同性别大鲵肝脏中脂质成分和气味物质的差异进行了比较表征。在正离子和负离子模式下分别检测到2171种和974种脂质代谢物。甘油三酯（TG）和磷脂酰胆碱（PC）是含量最丰富的脂质类型。雄性肝脏中的TG水平高于雌性肝脏（P<0.05），而PC水平无明显差异（P>0.05）。此外，通过GC-IMS共检测到51种挥发性成分。酮类（42.18%～45.44%）和醇类（24.19%～26.50%）是主要类别，其相对含量在雌性肝脏中较高。最后，筛选出30种差异脂质代谢物和12种差异气味物质，可作为不同性别大鲵肝脏的鉴别标签。相关性分析表明，PS(36:2e)、TG(48:13)、ZyE(37:6)和ZyE(33:6)与3-甲基丁醛、3-羟基-2-丁酮和2-甲基-1-丙醇呈正相关（P<0.05），但与1-戊烯-3-酮和1-辛烯-3-酮呈负相关（P<0.01）。通过三倍交叉验证，基于随机森林模型的这些差异脂质和挥发性化合物对性别识别的预测准确率分别为100%和92%。这些发现不仅可能增加关于性别对大鲵肝脏脂质和挥发性成分影响的知识，还为其性别识别提供线索。
