Shadab Hassina, Nawabi Aisha, Anwari Abdurrahman, Nejabi Mohammad Bashir, Ghafari Elaha Somaya, Karimi Sajeya, Ahmadi Mohammad Eissa
Periodontics Department, Kabul University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kabul, Afghanistan.
Operative/ Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics Department, Kabul University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kabul, Afghanistan.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2024 Sep 11;16:307-319. doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S480490. eCollection 2024.
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is an uncommon genetic condition marked by gradual and progressive overgrowth of fibrous tissue in the gums, which is benign in nature. It is a genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, known for its considerable genetic diversity. The marginal, attached, and interdental gingivae are affected by this condition. The affected area appears pink, does not bleed easily, and exhibits a firm, fibrotic texture. Additionally, it displays a hard, widespread nodular growth that is smooth to stippled and has little bleeding tendency. Nevertheless, in certain instances, the enlargement may feel so dense and firm that it resembles bone upon palpation. Accordingly, esthetics and functions related to a healthy gingiva is also affected. The choice of treatment modality often depends on factors such as the severity of gingival overgrowth, available resources, and patient-specific considerations. Laser techniques and electrosurgery have emerged as valuable options, providing benefits like reduced discomfort and enhanced precision. However, traditional surgical methods remain highly effective, particularly when advanced technologies are not available. This article reports on three cases of hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) treated with conventional gingivectomy, flap procedures, and resective osseous surgery (osteoplasty and osteotomy). The aim is to support the efficacy of these interventions in addressing patient complaints and preparing the groundwork for managing additional issues, such as speech and mastication difficulties, delayed eruption of permanent teeth, and malocclusion. The surgical treatment led to significant improvements: masticatory function was markedly enhanced, aesthetic outcomes were notably better, and oral hygiene significantly improved. Additionally, the procedures created favorable conditions for future treatments, including orthodontics, implants, or prosthetics, by providing a more manageable and functional oral environment.
遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病（HGF）是一种罕见的遗传性疾病，其特征是牙龈中纤维组织逐渐进行性过度生长，本质上为良性。它是一种以常染色体显性模式遗传的遗传性疾病，具有显著的遗传多样性。边缘龈、附着龈和牙间龈均会受到这种疾病的影响。患病区域呈现粉红色，不易出血，质地坚硬且呈纤维化。此外，还表现为坚硬、广泛的结节状生长，表面光滑至呈点状，出血倾向小。然而，在某些情况下，增生组织可能摸起来非常致密坚硬，触诊时类似骨头。因此，与健康牙龈相关的美观和功能也会受到影响。治疗方式的选择通常取决于牙龈过度生长的严重程度、可用资源以及患者的具体情况等因素。激光技术和电外科手术已成为有价值的选择，具有减少不适和提高精确度等优点。然而，传统手术方法仍然非常有效，特别是在没有先进技术的情况下。本文报告了三例采用传统牙龈切除术、翻瓣手术和切除性骨手术（骨成形术和截骨术）治疗的遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病（HGF）病例。目的是支持这些干预措施在解决患者主诉方面的有效性，并为处理其他问题，如言语和咀嚼困难、恒牙萌出延迟和错牙合畸形等奠定基础。手术治疗带来了显著改善：咀嚼功能明显增强，美学效果显著改善，口腔卫生状况明显好转。此外，这些手术通过提供更易于管理和功能更好的口腔环境，为未来的治疗，包括正畸、种植或修复等创造了有利条件。
