European Laboratory of Innovation Science & Expertise (ELISE). Adisseo France S.A.S., Saint Fons, France.
Adisseo France S.A.S., Antony, France.
Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Nov 5;12(11):e0017724. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00177-24. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
The probiotic 29784 (Bs29784) sustains chicken's intestinal health, enhancing animal resilience and performance through the production of the bioactive metabolites hypoxanthine (HPX), niacin (NIA), and pantothenate (PTH). Here, using enterocyte models, we determine the functional link between these metabolites and the three pillars of intestinal resilience: immune response, intestinal barrier, and microbiota. We evaluated the capacity of Bs29784 vegetative cells, spores, and metabolites to modulate global immune regulators (using HT-29-NF-κB and HT-29-AP-1 reporter cells), intestinal integrity (HT-29-MUC2 reporter cells and Caco-2 cells), and cytokine production (Caco-2 cells). Finally, we simulated intestinal fermentations using chicken's intestinal contents as inocula to determine the effect of Bs29784 metabolites on the microbiota and their fermentation profile. Bs29784 vegetative cells reduced the inflammatory response more effectively than spores, indicating that their benefit is linked to metabolic activity. To assess this hypothesis, we studied Bs29784 metabolites individually. The results showed that each metabolite had different beneficial effects. PTH and NIA reduced the activation of the pro-inflammatory pathways AP-1 and NF-κB. HPX upregulated mucin production by enhancing MUC2 expression. HPX, NIA, and PTH increased cell proliferation. PTH and HPX increased epithelial resilience to an inflammatory challenge by limiting permeability increase. In cecal fermentations, NIA increased acetate, HPX increased butyrate, whereas PTH increased acetate, butyrate, and propionate. In ileal fermentations, PTH increased butyrate. All molecules modulated microbiota, explaining the different fermentation patterns. Altogether, we show that Bs29784 influences intestinal health by acting on the three lines of resilience via its secreted metabolites.
Probiotics provide beneficial metabolites to its host. Here, we describe the mode of action of a commonly used probiotic in poultry, Bs29784. By using cellular techniques and simulated chickens' intestinal model, we show the functional link between Bs29784 metabolites and the three lines of animal resilience. Indeed, both Bs29784 vegetative cells and its metabolites stimulate cellular anti-inflammatory responses, strengthen intestinal barrier, and positively modulate microbiota composition and fermentative profile. Taken together, these results strengthen our understanding of the effect of Bs29784 on its host and explain, at least partly, its positive effects on animal health, resilience, and performance.
益生菌 29784（Bs29784）维持鸡的肠道健康，通过产生生物活性代谢物次黄嘌呤（HPX）、烟酸（NIA）和泛酸（PTH）来增强动物的抵抗力和性能。在这里，我们使用肠细胞模型，确定了这些代谢物与肠道抵抗力的三个支柱（免疫反应、肠道屏障和微生物群）之间的功能联系。我们评估了 Bs29784 营养细胞、孢子和代谢物调节全局免疫调节剂的能力（使用 HT-29-NF-κB 和 HT-29-AP-1 报告细胞），肠完整性（HT-29-MUC2 报告细胞和 Caco-2 细胞）和细胞因子产生（Caco-2 细胞）。最后，我们使用鸡肠道内容物作为接种物模拟肠道发酵，以确定 Bs29784 代谢物对微生物群及其发酵特性的影响。Bs29784 营养细胞比孢子更有效地降低炎症反应，表明其益处与代谢活性有关。为了评估这一假设，我们单独研究了 Bs29784 代谢物。结果表明，每种代谢物都有不同的有益作用。PTH 和 NIA 降低了促炎途径 AP-1 和 NF-κB 的激活。HPX 通过增强 MUC2 表达来增加粘蛋白的产生。HPX、NIA 和 PTH 增加了细胞增殖。PTH 和 HPX 通过限制通透性增加来增加上皮细胞对炎症挑战的抵抗力。在盲肠发酵中，NIA 增加了乙酸盐，HPX 增加了丁酸盐，而 PTH 增加了乙酸盐、丁酸盐和丙酸盐。在回肠发酵中，PTH 增加了丁酸盐。所有分子都调节了微生物群，解释了不同的发酵模式。总的来说，我们表明 Bs29784 通过其分泌的代谢物作用于三个抗性线来影响肠道健康。
益生菌为宿主提供有益的代谢物。在这里，我们描述了一种常用的家禽益生菌 Bs29784 的作用机制。通过使用细胞技术和模拟鸡的肠道模型，我们展示了 Bs29784 代谢物与动物抵抗力的三个线之间的功能联系。事实上，Bs29784 营养细胞及其代谢物均能刺激细胞抗炎反应，增强肠道屏障，并积极调节微生物群组成和发酵谱。综上所述，这些结果增强了我们对 Bs29784 对宿主影响的理解，并至少部分解释了其对动物健康、抵抗力和性能的积极影响。
