He Yaping, Wu Guohui, Tan Tianyu, Lu Rongrong, Zhang Wei, Zhou Chao
Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 187, Tongxing North Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400707, People's Republic of China.
AIDS Behav. 2025 Jan;29(1):228-234. doi: 10.1007/s10461-024-04472-2. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
Newly diagnosed HIV cases often do not clearly indicate whether they are recent or long-standing infections. We collected the history of HIV antibody testing, sexual behavior and initial CD4 + T cell (CD4) count of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS to determine the time and location of HIV infections. Of the included 612 cases, 17.3% were classified as recent HIV infection. Recent HIV infections were higher in cases aged < 30 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.267, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.856-9.813) and 30-49 (AOR = 2.847, 95%CI 1.356-5.977) vs. ≥50, and the transmission mode was men who have sex with men (MSM) (AOR = 4.130, 95%CI 1.815-9.399) was higher than heterosexual contact. Of the 582 cases, 80.8% were classified as local HIV infection (An infection occurred in the two survey districts). Local HIV infections were higher in cases being single and divorced/widowed (AOR = 2.511, 95% CI 1.271-4.962) vs. being married, residing in the survey districts ≥ 5 years (AOR = 168.962, 95%CI 64.942-439.593) vs. < 1 year, transmission mode was MSM (AOR = 8.669, 95%CI 2.668-28.163) vs. heterosexual contact, and acquired infections through spouses or steady partners (AOR = 11.493, 95%CI 3.236-40.819) vs. commercial partners. Both recent and local HIV infections were higher in cases whose transmission mode was MSM, we recommended using internet platforms and MSM dating apps for HIV education and intervention, promoting internet intervention tools to raise awareness about HIV and facilitate early detection.
新诊断出的艾滋病病毒（HIV）病例往往无法明确表明其是近期感染还是长期感染。我们收集了新诊断出的HIV/AIDS患者的HIV抗体检测史、性行为史及初始CD4 + T细胞（CD4）计数，以确定HIV感染的时间和地点。在纳入的612例病例中，17.3%被归类为近期HIV感染。年龄<30岁（调整优势比[AOR]=4.267，95%置信区间[CI]1.856 - 9.813）和30 - 49岁（AOR = 2.847，95%CI 1.356 - 5.977）的病例中近期HIV感染率高于年龄≥50岁的病例，传播方式为男男性行为者（MSM）（AOR = 4.130，95%CI 1.815 - 9.399）的感染率高于异性接触感染率。在582例病例中，80.8%被归类为本地HIV感染（感染发生在两个调查地区）。单身及离异/丧偶病例的本地HIV感染率高于已婚病例（AOR = 2.511，95%CI 1.271 - 4.962），居住在调查地区≥5年的病例高于居住<1年的病例（AOR = 168.962，95%CI 64.942 - 439.593），传播方式为MSM的感染率高于异性接触感染率（AOR = 8.669，95%CI 2.668 - 28.163），通过配偶或固定性伴感染的率高于通过商业性伴感染的率（AOR = 11.493，95%CI 3.236 - 40.819）。传播方式为MSM的病例中近期和本地HIV感染率均较高，我们建议利用互联网平台和MSM交友应用进行HIV教育和干预，推广互联网干预工具以提高对HIV的认识并促进早期检测。
