Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, Brazil.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2024 Nov;208:116958. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116958. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
The crude oil contamination along the Brazilian Northeast coast significantly impacted reef ecosystems. This study assessed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater, fluorescence of bile PAHs, and biochemical biomarkers in damselfish Stegastes fuscus across four coral reef areas pre- and post-oil contamination. Serrambi (SE) and Japaratinga (JP1) were identified as suitable reference areas. PAH concentrations significantly increased in water post-contamination, predominantly 2 to 3 ring parent and alkylated PAHs. Biliary PAHs naphthalene, phenanthrene, chrysene, pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene increased on Paiva post-spill versus pre-spill to 173 %, 449 %, 334 %, 331 % and 131 %, respectively. Significant increases in ethoxy-resorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) (852 %), catalase (CAT) (139 %) and decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) (40 %) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (75 %) were verified in Paiva samples. Biliary PAHs and biochemical biomarkers were altered in S. fuscus after exposure to PAHs dissolved from the oil. Stegastes fuscus emerges as a promising sentinel organism for coastal reef oil pollution monitoring.
巴西东北部海岸的原油污染对珊瑚礁生态系统造成了重大影响。本研究评估了四个珊瑚礁区域海水中多环芳烃 (PAHs)、胆汁 PAHs 的荧光以及仙女鱼 Stegastes fuscus 的生化生物标志物，分别在污染前和污染后进行了测量。Serrambi（SE）和 Japaratinga（JP1）被确定为合适的参照区域。污染后水中的 PAH 浓度显著增加，主要是 2 到 3 环母体和烷基化 PAHs。胆汁 PAHs 萘、菲、䓛、芘和苯并(a)芘在 Paiva 溢油后与溢油前相比分别增加了 173%、449%、334%、331%和 131%。Paiva 样本中的乙氧基-Resorufin-O-脱乙基酶 (EROD)（852%）、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)（139%）显著增加，脂质过氧化 (LPO)（40%）和乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE)（75%）显著减少。暴露于油中溶解的 PAHs 后，仙女鱼 S. fuscus 的胆汁 PAHs 和生化生物标志物发生了改变。仙女鱼 Stegastes fuscus 作为一种有前途的沿海珊瑚礁石油污染监测生物标志物。
