College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Sep 17;24(1):869. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05589-1.
Tea is an important cash crop and buds are its main product. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of the sprouting time of tea plants, 'Yuchunzao', which was an early sprouting tea cultivar, was studied. 'Echa 1', sprout one week later than 'Yuchunzao' in spring, was used as the control.
A total of 26 hormonal compounds and its derivatives in tea plants were qualified by using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The result showed that GA, GA and ICA were significantly different in 'Yuchunzao' than in 'Echa 1', with GA and GA up-regulated and ICA down-regulated. Based on the Illumina platform, transcriptome analysis revealed a total of 5,395 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A diterpenoid biosynthesis related gene, gibberellin 2-oxidase 1 (CsGA2ox1), was downregulated in 'Yuchunzao' compared to 'Echa 1'. CsGA2ox1 regulate the transformation of GA different forms in plants. The relative expression of CsGA2ox1 showed an adverse trend with the content of GA and GA. Our results suggest that down regulation of CsGA2ox1 resulted in the accumulation of GA and GA, and then promoted sprout of 'Yuchunzao'.
This study provides theoretical basis of tea plants sprout and guides the tea breeding in practice.
茶是一种重要的经济作物，而茶芽是其主要产品。为了阐明茶树发芽时间的分子机制，本研究以早发芽品种‘雨春早’为材料，以比‘雨春早’晚发芽一周的品种‘鄂茶 1 号’为对照。
采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）对茶树中 26 种激素化合物及其衍生物进行定性分析。结果表明，‘雨春早’中 GA、GA 和 ICA 含量显著高于‘鄂茶 1 号’，GA 和 GA 上调，ICA 下调。基于 Illumina 平台的转录组分析共发现 5395 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。赤霉素 2-氧化酶 1（CsGA2ox1）是一种二萜生物合成相关基因，在‘雨春早’中表达下调。CsGA2ox1 调节植物中 GA 不同形式的转化。CsGA2ox1 的相对表达与 GA 和 GA 的含量呈负相关。我们的结果表明，CsGA2ox1 的下调导致 GA 和 GA 的积累，从而促进了‘雨春早’的发芽。
本研究为茶树发芽提供了理论依据，指导了茶树的实际育种。
