Seljelid Johanna, Palstam Annie, Sunnerhagen Katharina S, Persson Hanna C
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Rehabilitation medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2025 Jul;53(5):465-473. doi: 10.1177/14034948241272949. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
This study aimed to investigate body function and daily life activities 18 months after Covid-19 infection, depending on the initial severity of disease and according to sex.
All 11,955 individuals on sick leave due to Covid-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in Sweden were invited to answer a questionnaire regarding experiencing negative changes in body function and daily life activities approximately 18 months after the start of sick leave. The analysis of data included descriptive statistics, group comparisons and multivariable binary logistic regressions (two groups).
Of 5464 responders (45.7%), 4676 (85.6%) reported experiencing at least one problem with body function, and the reported prevalence of problems with daily life activities was 46%. The most frequently reported problems were fatigue (66.3%), cognition, sleep and movement. In general, women and those initially hospitalised reported more problems. In the regression analyses, problems with body function could partly explain whether individuals experienced problems with daily life activities. However, only fatigue and movement significantly contributed throughout all groups (<0.001). Furthermore, the odds ratios for fatigue were larger in regressions for women than for men.
In this nationwide study, more than 8 out of 10 individuals experienced problems with body function 18 months after being on sick leave due to Covid-19, with women and those initially hospitalised reporting more problems. Problems with body function, such as fatigue, could partly explain problems with daily life activities. However, the mechanisms behind the consequences are not yet clear and need to be further investigated.
本研究旨在根据新冠病毒感染初期疾病的严重程度以及性别，调查感染新冠病毒18个月后的身体功能和日常生活活动情况。
在瑞典第一波疫情期间，所有因新冠病毒感染而休病假的11955人被邀请回答一份问卷，内容涉及病假开始约18个月后身体功能和日常生活活动中所经历的负面变化。数据分析包括描述性统计、组间比较和多变量二元逻辑回归（两组）。
在5464名受访者（45.7%）中，4676人（85.6%）报告至少有一项身体功能问题，报告的日常生活活动问题患病率为46%。最常报告的问题是疲劳（66.3%）、认知、睡眠和运动。总体而言，女性和最初住院的人报告的问题更多。在回归分析中，身体功能问题可以部分解释个体是否经历日常生活活动问题。然而，只有疲劳和运动在所有组中都有显著影响（<0.001）。此外，女性回归分析中疲劳的比值比大于男性。
在这项全国性研究中，超过十分之八的人在因新冠病毒感染休病假18个月后出现身体功能问题，女性和最初住院的人报告的问题更多。身体功能问题，如疲劳，可部分解释日常生活活动问题。然而，这些后果背后的机制尚不清楚，需要进一步研究。
