Scheel-Hincke Lasse L, Connolly Filip Fors, Olofsson Jenny, Andersen-Ranberg Karen
Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
CIMT - Centre for Innovative Medical Technology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
Scand J Public Health. 2025 Jul;53(5):474-481. doi: 10.1177/14034948241272986. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
Amidst the Covid-19 outbreak in 2020, Denmark and Sweden adopted contrasting strategies despite their many cultural similarities. Denmark swiftly imposed strict governmental restrictions, while Sweden favoured a more gradual, voluntary approach. This study aims to analyse the disparities between the two nations in mental health indicators (depressive symptoms, sleep problems and loneliness), daily activities (shopping, going for a walk, visiting family and meeting other people) and medical care after the Covid-19 outbreak.
Data from adults aged ⩾50 years in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) wave 8 (2019/2020) and the two SHARE Covid-19 surveys (summer 2020/2021) were utilised. Multilevel logistic regression models assessed longitudinal and cross-sectional changes in Sweden and Denmark.
Both countries witnessed reduced risk of depressive symptoms and sleep problems during summer 2020, albeit with a more significant decline in depressive symptoms observed in Denmark: 17.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 15.0-20.6) vs. 12.5% (95% CI 9.0-15.9). Swedish respondents were more likely to reduce their daily activities in the summer of 2020 (shopping: odds ratio (OR)=0.45, 95% CI 0.36-0.55; visit family: OR=0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.97) and less likely to have medical appointments postponed (OR=1.83, 95% CI 1.46-2.28).
Minimal differences were observed between Sweden and Denmark in mental health and daily activities during the pandemic. Despite significant disruption to their daily routines, Scandinavians aged ⩾50 years old demonstrate remarkable resilience.
在2020年新冠疫情爆发期间，丹麦和瑞典尽管在文化上有诸多相似之处，但采取了截然不同的策略。丹麦迅速实施了严格的政府限制措施，而瑞典则倾向于采取更为渐进、自愿的方式。本研究旨在分析新冠疫情爆发后，两国在心理健康指标（抑郁症状、睡眠问题和孤独感）、日常活动（购物、散步、探亲访友和与他人会面）以及医疗保健方面的差异。
利用欧洲健康、老龄化与退休调查（SHARE）第8波（2019/2020年）以及两项SHARE新冠疫情调查（2020年夏季/2021年）中50岁及以上成年人的数据。多水平逻辑回归模型评估了瑞典和丹麦的纵向和横断面变化。
2020年夏季，两国的抑郁症状和睡眠问题风险均有所降低，不过丹麦的抑郁症状下降更为显著：17.8%（95%置信区间（CI）15.0 - 20.6），而瑞典为12.5%（95%CI 9.0 - 15.9）。瑞典受访者在2020年夏季更有可能减少日常活动（购物：优势比（OR）=0.45，95%CI 0.36 - 0.55；探亲访友：OR = 0.76，95%CI 0.60 - 0.97），且推迟医疗预约的可能性较小（OR = 1.83，95%CI 1.46 - 2.28）。
在疫情期间，瑞典和丹麦在心理健康和日常活动方面的差异极小。尽管日常生活受到了重大干扰，但50岁及以上的斯堪的纳维亚人展现出了非凡的适应能力。
