Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Neural Plast. 2024 Feb 13;2024:3829941. doi: 10.1155/2024/3829941. eCollection 2024.
Prenatal stress (PS) affects the development and functioning of the central nervous system, but the exact mechanisms underpinning this effect have not been pinpointed yet. A promising model of PS is one based on chronic exposure of pregnant rodents to variable-frequency ultrasound (US PS), as it mimics the PS with a psychic nature that most adequately captures the human stressors in modern society. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of US PS on the brain neurotransmitter, neuropeptide, and neurotrophic systems of newborn Wistar rats. We determined the concentration of neurotransmitters and their metabolites (serotonin, HIAA, dopamine, DOPAC, and norepinephrine), neuropeptides (-MSH, -endorphin, neurotensin, oxytocin, and substance P), and the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rat brain tissues by HPLC-ED, ELISA, and multiplex ELISA. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to get a sense of the relationship between the biochemical parameters of the brain. The results demonstrated that US PS increases the concentration of serotonin (=0.004) and DOPAC (=0.04) in the hippocampus has no effect on the neurotransmitter systems of the frontal cortex, reduces the concentration of BDNF in the entirety of the brain of males (=0.008), and increases the neuropeptides -MSH (=0.02), -endorphin (=0.01), oxytocin (=0.008), and substance P ( < 0.001) in the entire brain. A degree of complexity in the neurotransmitter system network in the frontal cortex and network change in the hippocampus after exposure to US PS have been observed. PCA revealed a similar pattern of neurotransmitter system interactions in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in males and females after exposure to US PS. We suggest that US PS can alter neurodevelopment, which is mediated by changes in the studied neurochemical systems that thus affect the behavioral phenotype in animals.
产前应激（PS）会影响中枢神经系统的发育和功能，但这种影响的确切机制尚未确定。一种有前途的 PS 模型是基于怀孕老鼠慢性暴露于可变频率超声（US PS），因为它模拟了具有精神性质的 PS，最充分地捕捉了现代社会中的人类应激源。本研究旨在探讨 US PS 对新生 Wistar 大鼠脑神经递质、神经肽和神经营养因子系统的影响。我们通过 HPLC-ED、ELISA 和多重 ELISA 测定了大鼠脑组织中神经递质及其代谢物（血清素、HIAA、多巴胺、DOPAC 和去甲肾上腺素）、神经肽（-MSH、-内啡肽、神经降压素、催产素和 P 物质）和神经营养因子脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的浓度。我们使用相关分析和主成分分析（PCA）来了解大脑生化参数之间的关系。结果表明，US PS 增加了海马体中血清素（=0.004）和 DOPAC（=0.04）的浓度，对额皮质的神经递质系统没有影响，降低了雄性大脑中 BDNF 的浓度（=0.008），并增加了整个大脑中的神经肽 -MSH（=0.02）、-内啡肽（=0.01）、催产素（=0.008）和 P 物质（<0.001）。在暴露于 US PS 后，观察到额皮质和海马体中的神经递质系统网络的复杂性增加以及网络变化。PCA 显示，暴露于 US PS 后，雄性和雌性动物的额皮质和海马体中的神经递质系统相互作用模式相似。我们认为，US PS 可以改变神经发育，这是通过研究的神经化学系统的变化来介导的，从而影响动物的行为表型。
