Kleeberg Antonia, Ringleb Peter A, Huber Ioana, Jesser Jessica, Möhlenbruch Markus, Purrucker Jan C
Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2024 Sep 16;17:17562864241276206. doi: 10.1177/17562864241276206. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND: For patients experiencing ischemic stroke despite receiving therapy with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) and without endovascular treatment options, therapeutic prospects are currently dismal. Current guidelines recommend intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) only for patients who have received DOAC in very restricted settings, as an increased risk of bleeding is suspected. However, recent retrospective observational studies suggest that IVT is safe despite DOAC pretreatment. OBJECTIVES: To provide further evidence that IVT despite previous DOAC treatment is not associated with an increased risk of bleeding. DESIGN: Observational retrospective study. METHODS: Demographic, clinical, and radiological data of patients who received IVT (+/- endovascular thrombectomy) despite DOAC pretreatment between June 2021 and January 2024 were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including DOAC plasma concentration at admission. Secondary intracranial hemorrhages and functional outcomes at 3 months were assessed. Since 2023, patients have been treated according to a modified local standard operating procedure at our hospital, allowing for IVT despite DOAC pretreatment regardless of DOAC plasma levels or the use of reversal agents. RESULTS: Of 1821 patients treated with acute recanalization procedures during the study period, = 35 had received IVT with (18) or without (17) additional endovascular therapy. Among these patients with a wide age range (42-97 years) and DOAC plasma concentrations up to 369 ng/ml, only one developed symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. A favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale score 0-2) after 3 months was observed in 57% (20) of the patients. CONCLUSION: IVT despite direct oral anticoagulation seems to be safe, even at advanced age and high DOAC plasma levels.
背景:对于尽管接受了直接口服抗凝剂(DOAC)治疗但仍发生缺血性卒中且没有血管内治疗选择的患者,目前治疗前景黯淡。当前指南仅建议在非常有限的情况下对接受过DOAC治疗的患者进行静脉溶栓(IVT),因为怀疑出血风险会增加。然而,最近的回顾性观察研究表明,尽管进行了DOAC预处理,IVT仍是安全的。 目的:提供进一步证据,证明既往接受DOAC治疗后进行IVT不会增加出血风险。 设计:观察性回顾性研究。 方法:对2021年6月至2024年1月期间尽管进行了DOAC预处理仍接受IVT(±血管内血栓切除术)的患者的人口统计学、临床和放射学数据进行描述性统计分析,包括入院时的DOAC血浆浓度。评估3个月时的继发性颅内出血和功能结局。自2023年以来,我院根据改良的当地标准操作程序对患者进行治疗,允许在进行DOAC预处理后进行IVT,无论DOAC血浆水平或是否使用逆转剂。 结果:在研究期间接受急性再通治疗的1,821例患者中,35例接受了IVT,其中18例接受了额外的血管内治疗,17例未接受。在这些年龄范围广泛(42 - 97岁)且DOAC血浆浓度高达369 ng/ml的患者中,只有1例发生了症状性颅内出血。3个月后,57%(20例)的患者获得了良好结局(改良Rankin量表评分0 - 2)。 结论:即使在高龄和DOAC血浆水平较高的情况下,直接口服抗凝后进行IVT似乎也是安全的。
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