Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Sep 3;14:1437425. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1437425. eCollection 2024.
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients frequently present a relatively high prevalence of () infection. was previously hypothesized to induce ACS through the regulation of lipid levels. However, the risk of -induced ACS varies significantly among different ethnic groups, and the associations between and lipid parameters remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically assess the risk of ACS in Chinese populations with infection while also evaluating the effects of on lipid parameters.
A hospital-based case-control study involving 280 participants was conducted. Immunoblotting was used for the detection and genotyping of . The associations between and ACS, as well as lipid parameters, were analyzed via the chi-square test and a multiple logistic regression model.
infection significantly increased the risk of ACS among all participants (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 4.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.76-9.25, < 0.05), with no associations with virulence factors ( () or ()). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant increase in the risk of ACS among the elderly population aged 56-64 years with infection. Additionally, a substantial association was observed between and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). No significant differences were found in lipid parameters, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and the LDL/HDL ratio, between individuals positive and negative for infection. Similar results were observed between the ACS group and the control group.
Our study has demonstrated for the first time that does not significantly impact lipid metabolism but increases the risk of ACS fourfold in the Chinese population (OR = 4.04, 95% CI: 1.76-9.25). Furthermore, the virulence factors of ( and ) may not be involved in the mechanisms by which they promote the development of ACS. This finding provides additional evidence for the association between and ACS among different ethnic groups and refutes the biological mechanism by which affects ACS through lipid metabolism regulation. Regular screening for and eradication treatment in elderly individuals and those at high risk for ACS may be effective measures for reducing the incidence of ACS. Future research should include multicenter randomized controlled trials and explore host genetics and the effects of on the gut microbiota as potential biological pathways linking and ACS.
急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者常伴有较高的 ()感染率。先前有假说认为通过调节脂质水平来诱导 ACS。然而，不同种族人群感染 ()诱导 ACS 的风险差异显著，与脂质参数之间的关联仍不清楚。本研究旨在系统评估感染 ()的中国人群患 ACS 的风险，同时评估对脂质参数的影响。
采用病例对照研究，共纳入 280 名参与者。免疫印迹法用于检测和基因分型。通过卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归模型分析与 ACS 及脂质参数的相关性。
感染显著增加了所有参与者患 ACS 的风险（调整后的优势比（OR）=4.04，95%置信区间（CI）：1.76-9.25，<0.05），与毒力因子（()或 ()）无关。亚组分析显示，年龄在 56-64 岁的老年人群中，感染与 ACS 风险增加显著相关。此外，与急性心肌梗死（AMI）之间存在显著相关性。感染组与未感染组之间的脂质参数（包括低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和 LDL/HDL 比值）无显著差异。ACS 组与对照组之间也观察到类似的结果。
本研究首次表明，在中国人群中，并不显著影响脂质代谢，但会使 ACS 的风险增加四倍（OR=4.04，95%CI：1.76-9.25）。此外，的毒力因子（和）可能不参与其促进 ACS 发展的机制。这一发现为不同种族人群中与 ACS 之间的关联提供了额外的证据，并反驳了通过脂质代谢调节影响 ACS 的生物学机制。在老年人群和 ACS 高危人群中，定期筛查和根除治疗可能是降低 ACS 发病率的有效措施。未来的研究应包括多中心随机对照试验，并探讨宿主遗传学和对肠道微生物群的影响作为将与 ACS 联系起来的潜在生物学途径。
