Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Bioquímica, Diretoria de Pesquisa, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Pesquisa Translacional em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2024 Sep 16;33(3):e007624. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612024050. eCollection 2024.
Piper aduncum L., a Brazilian medicinal plant, is known for its bioactive properties, including repellent and insecticidal effects. This study investigated the insecticidal potential of essential oils (EOs) from P. aduncum, collected during the dry and rainy seasons, against fleas (Ctenocephalides felis felis Bouché, 1835) in egg and adult stages. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation using a modified Clevenger apparatus for 2 h. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed via gas chromatography. The findings revealed that dillapiole was the predominant substance in both EOs, accounting for 77.6% (rainy) and 85.5% (dry) of the EOs. These EOs exhibited high efficacy against the parasite C. felis felis, resulting in 100% egg mortality at a concentration of 100 μg/mL and 100% mortality for adult fleas starting from 1,000 μg/mL. Dillapiole standard was also effective but at a relatively high concentration. This finding suggested that EOs from P. aduncum exhibit cytotoxicity against these pests and might hold potential for commercial production, offering practical applications for such bioprospecting. This study uniquely revealed that the EOs from P. aduncum, which is rich in dillapiole, demonstrated pulicidal activity against the parasite C. felis felis, particularly in inhibiting the hatching of the eggs of these parasites.
巴西药用植物弯管花 Piper aduncum L. 以其生物活性而闻名，具有驱虫和杀虫作用。本研究调查了弯管花在旱季和雨季收获的精油（EOs）对跳蚤（Ctenocephalides felis felis Bouché，1835）卵和成虫阶段的杀虫潜力。EOs 通过使用改良的 Clevenger 装置在 2 小时内进行水蒸馏获得。通过气相色谱进行定性和定量分析。结果表明，在两种精油中，dillapiole 都是主要物质，占精油的 77.6%（雨季）和 85.5%（旱季）。这些 EOs 对寄生虫 C. felis felis 表现出很高的功效，在 100μg/mL 的浓度下，100%的卵死亡，在 1000μg/mL 时，成虫的死亡率达到 100%。dillapiole 标准品也有效，但浓度相对较高。这一发现表明，弯管花精油对这些害虫具有细胞毒性，可能具有商业生产的潜力，为这种生物勘探提供了实际应用。本研究独特地揭示了富含 dillapiole 的弯管花精油对寄生虫 C. felis felis 具有杀虫活性，特别是在抑制这些寄生虫卵的孵化方面。
