Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838, 85040-167 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2024 Sep 13;96(suppl 1):e20230251. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230251. eCollection 2024.
The diversity of endophytes and their ecological relationships with the endangered conifer Araucaria angustifolia (a critically endangered species) are unrevealed. This study aimed to characterize the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with A. angustifolia. To this end, we analyzed 90 fragments from five individuals collected from a mixed localized fragment in Guarapuava-PR, Brazil. The total DNA of 61 morphotypes was extracted and the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region was amplified and sequenced. The sequence analysis allowed the identification of 37 genera belonging to the phylum Ascomycota and the classes Eurotiomycetes, Dothideomycetes, and Sordariomycetes, divided into 11 orders and 13 families. Most of the isolated fungi belonged to the Sordariomycetes class (40%) and to the Xylaria genus (14%), while Eurotiomycetes was the minority class within the community. Our results reveal the high endophytic richness supporting the life cycle of A. angustifolia and reinforce the necessity for the conservation of this conifer, as many genetic resources can be lost owing to its irrational exploration.
内生真菌的多样性及其与濒危针叶树南洋杉（极危物种）的生态关系尚未被揭示。本研究旨在对与南洋杉相关的内生真菌多样性进行研究。为此，我们分析了来自巴西瓜拉普阿瓦- PR 的一个混合局部片段的五株个体的 90 个片段。从 61 个形态型中提取了总 DNA，并扩增和测序了内部转录间隔区（ITS）区域。序列分析鉴定了属于子囊菌门和子囊菌纲、散囊菌纲和座囊菌纲的 37 个属，分为 11 目和 13 科。大多数分离的真菌属于座囊菌纲（40%）和叉丝单囊壳属（14%），而子囊菌纲则是群落中的少数类群。我们的研究结果揭示了支持南洋杉生命周期的高内生真菌丰富度，并强调了保护这种针叶树的必要性，因为其不合理的开发可能会导致许多遗传资源的丧失。
