Laboratoire Eau Environnement Et Systèmes Urbains (Leesu), Univ Paris Est Creteil, Ecole Des Ponts, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94000, Créteil, France.
Direction de L'Innovation, SIAAP, 92700, Colombes, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Oct;31(48):58252-58262. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34958-4. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
Poorly-treated wastewater harbors harmful microorganisms, posing risks to both the environment and public health. To mitigate this, it is essential to implement robust disinfection techniques in wastewater treatment plants. The use of performic acid (PFA) oxidation has emerged as a promising alternative, due to its powerful disinfection properties and minimal environmental footprint. While PFA has been used to inactivate certain microbial indicators, its potential to tackle the entire microbial community in effluents, particularly resistant bacterial strains, remains largely unexplored. The present study evaluates the efficacy of PFA disinfection on the microbial communities of a WWTP effluent, through microbial resistance mechanisms due to their membrane structure. The effluent microbiome was quantified and identified. The results showed that the number of damaged cells increases with CT, reaching a maximum for CT = 240 mg/L•min and plateauing around 60 mg/L•min, highlighting the optimal conditions for PFA-disinfection against microbial viability. A low PFA level with a 10-min contact time significantly affected the microbial composition. It is worth noting the sensitivity of several bacterial genera such as Flavobacterium, Pedobacter, Massilia, Exiguobacterium, and Sphingorhabdus to PFA, while others, Acinetobacter, Leucobacter, Thiothrix, Paracoccus, and Cloacibacterium, showed resistance. The results detail the resistance and sensitivity of bacterial groups to PFA, correlated with their Gram-positive or Gram-negative membrane structure. These results underline PFA effectiveness in reducing microbial levels and remodeling bacterial composition, even with minimal concentrations and short contact times, demonstrating its suitability for widespread application in WWTPs.
处理不当的废水含有有害微生物，对环境和公共健康构成风险。为了减轻这种风险，在污水处理厂中实施强有力的消毒技术至关重要。过氧甲酸（PFA）氧化的使用因其强大的消毒性能和最小的环境足迹而成为一种有前途的替代方法。虽然 PFA 已被用于灭活某些微生物指标，但它在处理废水中整个微生物群落（特别是抗性细菌菌株）方面的潜力在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本研究通过微生物的膜结构评估了 PFA 消毒对污水处理厂出水微生物群落的效果，该研究评估了 PFA 消毒对污水处理厂出水微生物群落的效果，微生物通过其膜结构产生抗药性机制。对出水微生物组进行了定量和鉴定。结果表明，随着 CT 的增加，受损细胞的数量增加，当 CT 达到 240 mg/L·min 时达到最大值，并在 60 mg/L·min 左右趋于平稳，这突出了 PFA 消毒对微生物活力的最佳条件。低水平的 PFA 与 10 分钟的接触时间显著影响微生物的组成。值得注意的是，一些细菌属（如黄杆菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、马赛菌属、异常球菌属和鞘氨醇杆菌属）对 PFA 非常敏感，而其他细菌属（如不动杆菌属、亮杆菌属、硫丝菌属、副球菌属和粪产碱杆菌属）则具有抗性。结果详细说明了细菌对 PFA 的抗性和敏感性，这与它们的革兰氏阳性或革兰氏阴性膜结构有关。这些结果强调了 PFA 在降低微生物水平和重塑细菌组成方面的有效性，即使在最小浓度和最短接触时间下，也证明了其在污水处理厂中的广泛适用性。
