- 相关综合征小鼠模型中颅面和心脏畸形的病因。
Etiology of craniofacial and cardiac malformations in a mouse model of -related syndromes.
机构信息
Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada.
Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Sep 24;121(39):e2405523121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2405523121. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
Pathogenic variants in SF3B4, a component of the U2 snRNP complex important for branchpoint sequence recognition and splicing, are responsible for the acrofacial disorders Nager and Rodriguez Syndrome, also known as -related syndromes. Patients exhibit malformations in the head, face, limbs, vertebrae as well as the heart. To uncover the etiology of craniofacial malformations found in -related syndromes, mutant mouse lines with homozygous deletion of in neural crest cells (NCC) were generated. Like in human patients, these embryos had craniofacial and cardiac malformations with variable expressivity and penetrance. The severity and survival of NCC mutants was modified by the level of in neighboring non-NCC. RNA sequencing analysis of heads of embryos prior to morphological abnormalities revealed significant changes in expression of genes forming the NCC regulatory network, as well as an increase in exon skipping. Additionally, several key histone modifiers involved in craniofacial and cardiac development showed increased exon skipping. Increased exon skipping was also associated with use of a more proximal branch point, as well as an enrichment in thymidine bases in the 50 bp around the branch points. We propose that decrease in causes changes in the expression and splicing of transcripts required for proper craniofacial and cardiac development, leading to abnormalities.
SF3B4 中的致病变异体是 U2 snRNP 复合物的一个组成部分,对于分支点序列识别和剪接至关重要,它负责导致头面部发育障碍的 Nager 和 Rodriguez 综合征,也称为 -相关综合征。患者表现出头、面、四肢、脊椎以及心脏的畸形。为了揭示 -相关综合征中颅面畸形的病因,生成了神经嵴细胞(NCC)中 SF3B4 纯合缺失的突变小鼠品系。与人类患者一样,这些胚胎有颅面和心脏畸形,表现出不同的外显率和 penetrance。邻近非 NCC 中 的水平修饰了 NCC 突变体的严重程度和存活率。在形态异常发生之前,对胚胎头部进行 RNA 测序分析,揭示了形成 NCC 调控网络的基因表达显著变化,以及外显子跳跃增加。此外,参与颅面和心脏发育的几个关键组蛋白修饰因子也显示出外显子跳跃增加。外显子跳跃增加还与使用更近的分支点以及分支点周围 50 个碱基对中胸腺嘧啶碱基的富集有关。我们提出, 的减少导致适当的颅面和心脏发育所需的转录本的表达和剪接发生变化,导致异常。