Snrpb 在鼠类神经嵴细胞中对于正确的剪接和颅面形态发生是必需的。

Snrpb is required in murine neural crest cells for proper splicing and craniofacial morphogenesis.

机构信息

Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre at Glen Site, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.

Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada.

出版信息

Dis Model Mech. 2022 Jun 1;15(6). doi: 10.1242/dmm.049544. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Abstract

Heterozygous mutations in SNRPB, an essential core component of the five small ribonucleoprotein particles of the spliceosome, are responsible for cerebrocostomandibular syndrome (CCMS). We show that Snrpb heterozygous mouse embryos arrest shortly after implantation. Additionally, heterozygous deletion of Snrpb in the developing brain and neural crest cells models craniofacial malformations found in CCMS, and results in death shortly after birth. RNAseq analysis of mutant heads prior to morphological defects revealed increased exon skipping and intron retention in association with increased 5' splice site strength. We found increased exon skipping in negative regulators of the P53 pathway, along with increased levels of nuclear P53 and P53 target genes. However, removing Trp53 in Snrpb heterozygous mutant neural crest cells did not completely rescue craniofacial development. We also found a small but significant increase in exon skipping of several transcripts required for head and midface development, including Smad2 and Rere. Furthermore, mutant embryos exhibited ectopic or missing expression of Fgf8 and Shh, which are required to coordinate face and brain development. Thus, we propose that mis-splicing of transcripts that regulate P53 activity and craniofacial-specific genes contributes to craniofacial malformations. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

摘要

剪接体中五个小核核糖核蛋白颗粒的必需核心组件 SNRPB 的杂合突变负责脑颅颌综合征 (CCMS)。我们表明,Snrpb 杂合子小鼠胚胎在植入后不久就停止发育。此外,在发育中的大脑和神经嵴细胞模型中杂合缺失 Snrpb 会导致 CCMS 中发现的颅面畸形,并在出生后不久死亡。在出现形态缺陷之前对突变体头部进行的 RNAseq 分析显示,外显子跳跃和内含子保留增加,与 5'剪接位点强度增加有关。我们发现,P53 通路的负调节剂中外显子跳跃增加,同时核 P53 和 P53 靶基因的水平增加。然而,在 Snrpb 杂合突变的神经嵴细胞中去除 Trp53 并不能完全挽救颅面发育。我们还发现,几个对头和中面部发育至关重要的转录本的外显子跳跃也有小但显著的增加,包括 Smad2 和 Rere。此外,突变体胚胎表现出 Fgf8 和 Shh 的异位或缺失表达,这些基因对于协调面部和大脑发育是必需的。因此,我们提出,调节 P53 活性和颅面特异性基因的转录本的错误剪接导致颅面畸形。本文有该论文第一作者的相关第一人称采访。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1d03/9235875/4b07dc189561/dmm-15-049544-g1.jpg

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