Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
Physiol Genomics. 2021 Jan 1;53(1):22-32. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00128.2020. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
Chromatin is a highly dynamic structure whose plasticity is achieved through multiple processes including the posttranslational modification of histone tails. Histone modifications function through the recruitment of nonhistone proteins to chromatin and thus have the potential to influence many fundamental biological processes. Here, we focus on the function and regulation of lysine 20 of histone H4 (H4K20) methylation in multiple biological processes including DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and DNA replication. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent studies that elucidate the functions associated with each of the methylation states of H4K20, their modifying enzymes, and their protein readers. Based on our current knowledge of H4K20 methylation, we critically analyze the data supporting these functions and outline questions for future research.
染色质是一种高度动态的结构，其可塑性通过多种过程实现，包括组蛋白尾巴的翻译后修饰。组蛋白修饰通过招募非组蛋白蛋白到染色质上来发挥作用，因此有可能影响许多基本的生物学过程。在这里，我们专注于组蛋白 H4 赖氨酸 20（H4K20）甲基化在多种生物学过程中的功能和调节，包括 DNA 修复、细胞周期调控和 DNA 复制。本文的目的是强调最近的研究，这些研究阐明了与 H4K20 的每种甲基化状态、其修饰酶及其蛋白读取器相关的功能。基于我们目前对 H4K20 甲基化的了解，我们批判性地分析了支持这些功能的数据，并概述了未来研究的问题。
