Zhu Xi, Ren Xin, Xiong Lijing, Liu Tiantian, Bai Xufeng
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Shuangshui Shuanglü Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Shuangshui Shuanglü Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2024 Dec;52:101330. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101330. Epub 2024 Sep 14.
Red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is an important freshwater aquaculture species in China. In the process of crayfish aquaculture, high temperature stress is common, which seriously affects its yield and quality. It is urgently recommended to improve these traits in the breed. However, the application of high-temperature tolerance genes in molecular breeding of crayfish has not been reported. In this study, transcriptome analysis was used to explore the high-temperature tolerance genes of crayfish. The results showed that genes related to energy metabolism, antioxidant, immunity and body restoration were involved in high temperature adaptation of crayfish. Based on the selected high temperature tolerance genes Heat Stress Protein 70 and Heat Stress Protein 90 (HSP70 and HSP90), the genetic variation of their open reading frames was investigated. Totally, three and four SNPs of HSP70 and HSP90, were obtained respectively. In addition, three high-temperature stress experiments were conducted on crayfish to identify favoured haplotypes. HSP70-1 and HSP90-1 are the favoured haplotypes of HSP70 and HSP90, respectively. Furthermore, a series of molecular markers were developed to identify the favoured haplotype combinations of HSP70 and HSP90. Finally, we propose a molecular breeding strategy to improve crayfish tolerance to high temperature, thereby providing a potential to increase crayfish yield. Together, this study provides a theoretical basis and molecular markers for the breeding of high-temperature tolerant crayfish.
克氏原螯虾是中国重要的淡水养殖品种。在小龙虾养殖过程中，高温胁迫较为常见，严重影响其产量和品质。迫切需要在品种中改良这些性状。然而，耐高温基因在小龙虾分子育种中的应用尚未见报道。本研究利用转录组分析来探索小龙虾的耐高温基因。结果表明，与能量代谢、抗氧化、免疫和机体恢复相关的基因参与了小龙虾对高温的适应。基于筛选出的耐高温基因热应激蛋白70和热应激蛋白90（HSP70和HSP90），研究了它们开放阅读框的遗传变异。分别获得了HSP70的3个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和HSP90的4个SNP。此外，对小龙虾进行了3次高温胁迫实验以鉴定优势单倍型。HSP70-1和HSP90-1分别是HSP70和HSP90的优势单倍型。进一步开发了一系列分子标记来鉴定HSP70和HSP90的优势单倍型组合。最后，我们提出了一种分子育种策略来提高小龙虾对高温的耐受性，从而为提高小龙虾产量提供了潜力。总之，本研究为耐高温小龙虾的育种提供了理论依据和分子标记。
