College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Modern Separation and Analysis Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Zhangzhou, 363000, China.
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Modern Separation and Analysis Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Zhangzhou, 363000, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Dec 1;362:124977. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124977. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
The effects of different dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) associated with distinct iron conditions (iron deficient (dFe), ferric ions (Fe), and colloidal iron (CFe)) on algal growth and arsenate (As(V)) metabolism were systematically evaluated and compared in Microcystis aeruginosa. Two chemical forms of DOP (D-glucose-6-phosphate (GP) and phytic acid (PA)), as well as dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), were employed as distinct phosphorus environments. The results revealed that As(V) metabolism of M. aeruginosa was more influenced by different phosphorus forms than by different iron conditions. Conversely, the release of microcystins in the media was found to be significantly more affected by the different phosphorus forms than by the iron conditions. Moreover, DOP was observed to promote arsenic (As) biotransformation, particularly the efflux of methylated As from a single algal cell, whereas DIP was found to primarily facilitate As(V) accumulation in algae. The total As metabolism amount per algal cell under PA was observed to be five times that observed under DIP and GP. The influence of iron conditions on the synthesis of algal metabolites was notable, as evidenced by the metabolites identified in algae of aliphatic (δ 1.28-1.68), humic acid-like and aromatic protein-like substances through H-NMR spectra and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. This impact was particularly notable at Fe conditions, due to the role of Fe as a micronutrient with highly bioavailable forms, which enhanced the synthesis of organic compounds in algae and promoted algal growth. Consequently, Fe could inhibit As accumulation under DIP but promote it under DOP. The obtained results facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the combined role of different phosphorus forms and iron conditions in algal bloom outbreaks and As(V) metabolism.
不同溶解态磷（DOP）与不同铁条件（缺铁（dFe）、铁离子（Fe）和胶体铁（CFe））对铜绿微囊藻生长和砷酸盐（As(V)）代谢的影响进行了系统评估和比较。两种 DOP 化学形式（D-葡萄糖-6-磷酸（GP）和植酸（PA））以及溶解无机磷（DIP）被用作不同的磷环境。结果表明，As(V)代谢受不同磷形态的影响大于不同铁条件的影响。相反，发现培养基中微囊藻毒素的释放受不同磷形态的影响大于铁条件的影响。此外，观察到 DOP 促进砷（As）生物转化，特别是从单个藻类细胞中排出甲基化 As，而 DIP 主要促进藻类中 As(V)的积累。PA 下每个藻类细胞的总 As 代谢量是 DIP 和 GP 下的五倍。铁条件对藻类代谢物合成的影响是显著的，这可以从通过 H-NMR 光谱和三维激发-发射矩阵荧光光谱分析鉴定出藻类中的类脂族（δ1.28-1.68）、腐殖酸样和芳香蛋白样物质的代谢物中得到证明。在 Fe 条件下，这种影响尤为明显，因为 Fe 作为一种具有高度生物利用形式的微量元素，可以增强藻类中有机化合物的合成并促进藻类生长。因此，Fe 可以抑制 DIP 下的 As 积累，但促进 DOP 下的 As 积累。研究结果有助于更全面地了解不同磷形态和铁条件在藻类爆发和 As(V)代谢中的综合作用。
