Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
BMJ Open. 2024 Sep 18;14(8):e087491. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-087491.
We investigated the hypothetical impact of mandatory alcohol calorie labelling, comparing non-drinkers, low-risk and hazardous drinkers in terms of attitudes, knowledge about calorie content and hypothetical behaviour changes should labelling be introduced.
Cross-sectional national telephone survey.
Community-dwelling adults in England between November 2022 and January 2023.
Data were collected from 4683 adults >18 years, of whom 24.7% were non-drinkers; 77.6% of alcohol drinkers were categorised as low-risk and 22.4% as hazardous drinkers according to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test questionnaire.
Attitudes to alcohol calorie labelling in shops and supermarkets and in hospitality venues, knowledge of the calorie content of alcoholic beverages (beer, wine, cider and spirits) and changes in drinking practices if calorie labelling was introduced.
Comparisons were made between non-drinkers, low-risk drinkers and hazardous drinkers, with analyses adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and education. Attitudes to calorie labelling were generally positive, but were less favourable among alcohol drinkers than non-drinkers. Hazardous drinkers were more accurate in their estimations of the calorie content of wine, cider and spirits than non-drinkers (p<0.0001). Overall, 46.4% of drinkers indicated that they would change their drinking patterns if calorie labelling was introduced, and this response was more common among hazardous than low-risk drinkers (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.199 to 1.699), adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and education. Compared with low-risk drinkers, hazardous drinkers stated that they would be more likely to drink fewer alcoholic beverages, to drink alcohol less often, to choose lower calorie drinks and to do more exercise (adjusted OR 1.27, 1.009 to 1.606).
A sizeable proportion of hazardous drinkers indicated that they would change their consumption practices if mandatory calorie labelling was introduced. Promoting more positive attitudes to calorie labelling might lead to stronger intentions to reduce consumption. Mandatory calorie labelling of alcoholic beverages may make a modest contribution to energy intake and the maintenance of health weight, particularly among heavier drinkers.
我们研究了强制性酒精卡路里标签的假设影响，比较了不饮酒者、低风险饮酒者和高风险饮酒者在引入标签后的态度、对卡路里含量的了解以及假设的行为变化。
横断面全国电话调查。
2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 1 月期间，英格兰社区居民中的成年人。
数据来自 4683 名 18 岁以上的成年人，其中 24.7%为不饮酒者；根据酒精使用障碍识别测试问卷，77.6%的饮酒者被归类为低风险饮酒者，22.4%为高风险饮酒者。
对商店和超市以及酒店场所中酒精卡路里标签的态度、对酒精饮料（啤酒、葡萄酒、苹果酒和烈酒）卡路里含量的了解，如果引入卡路里标签，饮酒习惯的变化。
在不饮酒者、低风险饮酒者和高风险饮酒者之间进行了比较，分析结果调整了年龄、性别、种族、社会经济地位和教育因素。对卡路里标签的态度总体上是积极的，但在饮酒者中不如不饮酒者积极。与不饮酒者相比，高风险饮酒者更准确地估计了葡萄酒、苹果酒和烈酒的卡路里含量（p<0.0001）。总体而言，46.4%的饮酒者表示，如果引入卡路里标签，他们将改变饮酒模式，而这种反应在高风险饮酒者中比低风险饮酒者更为常见（OR=1.43，95%CI 1.199 至 1.699），调整了年龄、性别、种族、社会经济地位和教育因素。与低风险饮酒者相比，高风险饮酒者表示，他们更有可能减少饮酒量、减少饮酒频率、选择低卡路里饮料和增加运动量（调整后的 OR 1.27，1.009 至 1.606）。
相当一部分高风险饮酒者表示，如果强制实施卡路里标签，他们将改变自己的消费习惯。促进对卡路里标签的更积极态度可能会导致更强的减少消费的意愿。强制性酒精饮料卡路里标签可能会对能量摄入和保持健康体重做出适度贡献，特别是在饮酒量较大的人群中。
